10. Specific Datatype Modules

10.1. String

Module String


Constant__HAVE_SPRINTF_NEGATIVE_F__

constantint String.__HAVE_SPRINTF_NEGATIVE_F__

Description

Presence of this symbol indicates that sprintf() supports little endian output for the 'F'-format specifier.

See also

sprintf(), lfun::_sprintf()


Constant__HAVE_SPRINTF_STAR_MAPPING__

constantint String.__HAVE_SPRINTF_STAR_MAPPING__

Description

Presence of this symbol indicates that sprintf() supports mappings for the '*'-modifier syntax.

See also

sprintf(), lfun::_sprintf()


Methodbits

int(0..)bits(stringdata)

Description

Gives the actual number of bits needed to represent every character in the string. Unlike width that only looks at the allocated string width, bits actually looks at the maximum used character and delivers a more precise answer than just 8, 16, or 32 bits. The empty string results in 0.


Methodcapitalize

stringcapitalize(stringstr)

Description

Convert the first character in str to upper case, and return the new string.

See also

lower_case(), upper_case()


Methodcommon_prefix

stringcommon_prefix(array(string) strs)

Description

Find the longest common prefix from an array of strings.


Methodcount

intcount(stringhaystack, stringneedle)

Description

Count the number of non-overlapping times the string needle occurs in the string haystack. The special cases for the needle "" is that it occurs one time in the empty string, zero times in a one character string and between every character (length-1) in any other string.

See also

search(), `/()


Methodexpand_tabs

stringexpand_tabs(strings, int(1..)|voidtab_width, string|voidtab, string|voidspace, string|voidnewline)

Description

Expands tabs in a string to ordinary spaces, according to common tabulation rules.


Methodfuzzymatch

int(0..100)fuzzymatch(stringa, stringb)

Description

This function compares two strings using a fuzzy matching routine. The higher the resulting value, the better the strings match.

See also

Array.diff(), Array.diff_compare_table()Array.diff_longest_sequence()


Methodhex2string

string(8bit)hex2string(string(8bit)hex, int(0..2)|voidstrict_mode)

Description

Convert a string of hexadecimal digits to binary data.

Parameter hex

String containing hexadecimal characters.

Parameter strict_mode

Level of strictness. Defaults to 0:

0

Traditional mode: Non-hexadecimal characters will be ignored when between tuples. Eg. "Z00 00" is ok, but "0 00Z0" isn't.

1

Lenient mode: Only Control characters and white-space will be ignored when between tuples. Eg. "00 00" is ok, but "Z00 00" and "0 000" are not.

2

Strict mode: No non-hexadecimal characters are allowed.

Note

The strict_mode parameter was added in Pike 9.0.

See also

string2hex()


Methodimplode_nicely

stringimplode_nicely(array(string|int|float) foo, string|voidseparator)

Description

This function implodes a list of words to a readable string, e.g. ({"straw","berry","pie"}) becomes "straw, berry and pie". If the separator is omitted, the default is "and". If the words are numbers they are converted to strings first.

See also

`*()


Methodint2char

stringint2char(intx)

Description

Same as sprintf("%c",x);

See also

sprintf()


Methodint2hex

stringint2hex(intx)

Description

Same as sprintf("%x",x);, i.e. returns the integer x in hexadecimal base using lower cased symbols.

See also

sprintf()


Methodint2roman

stringint2roman(intm)

Description

Converts the provided integer to a roman integer (i.e. a string).

Throws

Throws an error if m is outside the range 0 to 10000.


Methodint2size

stringint2size(intsize)

Description

Returns the size as a memory size string with suffix, e.g. 43210 is converted into "42.2 kB". To be correct to the latest standards it should really read "42.2 KiB", but we have chosen to keep the old notation for a while. The function knows about the quantifiers kilo, mega, giga, tera, peta, exa, zetta and yotta.


Methodlevenshtein_distance

intlevenshtein_distance(stringa, stringb)

Description

This function calculates the Levenshtein distance between two strings a and b. The Levenshtein distance describes the minimal number of character additions, removals or substitutions to apply to convert a to b.

Mathematically, the Levenshtein distance between two strings a, b is given by lev_a,b(|a|,|b|) where

lev_a,b(i, j) == max(i, j), if min(i, j) == 0 lev_a,b(i, j) == min( lev_a,b(i, j-1)+1, lev_a,b(i-1, j)+1, lev_a,b(i-1, j-1) + a_i!=b_j ), else

Note that the first element in the minimum corresponds to inserting a character to a (or deleting a character from b), the second to deleting a character from a and the third to match or mismatch, depending on whether the respective characters are equal.

Example: For example, the Levenshtein distance between "pike" and "bikes" is 2, since the following two edits change one into the other, and there is no way to do it with fewer than two edits: - "pike" -> "bike" (substitute "p" with "b") - "bike" -> "bikes" (add "s" at the end)

Note that the cost to compute the Levenshtein distance is roughly proportional to the product of the two string lengths. So this function is usually used to aid in fuzzy string matching, when at least one of the strings is short.


Methodnormalize_space

stringnormalize_space(strings, string|voidwhitespace)

Parameter s

Is returned after white space in it has been normalised. White space is normalised by stripping leading and trailing white space and replacing sequences of white space characters with a single space.

Parameter whitespace

Defines what is considered to be white space eligible for normalisation. It has a default value that starts with " \t\r\n\v\f" and in addition to that contains all whitespace characters part of Unicode. The first character denotes the character for replacing whitespace sequences.

Note

Trailing and leading whitespace around \r and \n characters is stripped as well (only useful if they're not in the whitespace set).

Note

This function is a lot faster with just one argument (i.e. the builtin whitespace set has an optimised code path).


Methodrange

array(int) range(strings)

Description

Returns the character range of a string in an array of two elements. The first element contains the lower bound and the second the upper. The precision is only 8 bits, so for wide strings only character blocks are known.


Methodsecure

stringsecure(stringstr)

Description

Marks the string as secure, which will clear the memory area before freeing the string.

See also

Object.secure()


Methodsillycaps

stringsillycaps(stringstr)

Description

Convert the first character in each word (separated by spaces) in str to upper case, and return the new string.


Methodsoundex

stringsoundex(stringword)

Description

Returns the soundex value of word according to the original Soundex algorithm, patented by Margaret O´Dell and Robert C. Russel in 1918. The method is based on the phonetic classification of sounds by how they are made. It was only intended for hashing of english surnames, and even at that it isn't that much of a help.


Methodstatus

stringstatus(intverbose)

Description

Get string table statistics.

Returns

Returns a string with an ASCII table containing the current string table statistics.

Note

Currently returns the empty string ("") if verbose is zero.

Note

The formatting and contents of the result may vary between different versions of Pike.


Methodstring2hex

stringstring2hex(stringdata, void|int(0..)flags)

Description

Convert a string of binary data to a hexadecimal string.

Parameter flags

The binary or of the following flags:

1

Use upper case characters.

2

The input is in little-endian byte order.

See also

hex2string()


Methodtrim

stringtrim(strings)

Description

Trim leading and trailing white spaces characters (space, tab, newline, carriage return, form feed, vertical tab and all the white spaces defined in Unicode) from the string s.


Methodtrim_whites

stringtrim_whites(strings)

Description

Trim leading and trailing spaces and tabs from the string s.


Methodwidth

int(8)|int(16)|int(32)width(strings)

Description

Returns the width of a string.

Returns

Three return values are currently possible:

8

The string s only contains characters <= 255.

16

The string s only contains characters <= 65535.

32

The string s contains characters >= 65536.

Note

It is possible that a future version of Pike may return further values. In particular the width 7 seems like it could be useful.

Class String.Bootstring

Description

This class implements the "Bootstring" string transcoder described in ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3492.txt.


Methodcreate

String.BootstringString.Bootstring(intbase, inttmin, inttmax, intskew, intdamp, intinitial_bias, intinitial_n, intdelim, stringdigits)

Description

Creates a Bootstring transcoder instance using the specified parameters.

Parameter base

The base used by the variable-length integers.

Parameter tmin

The minimum threshold digit value for the variable-length integers. Must be >=0 and <= tmax.

Parameter tmax

The maximum threshold digit value for the variable-length integers. Must be <= base-1.

Parameter skew

The skew term for the bias adapation. Must be >= 1.

Parameter damp

The damping factor for the bias adaption. Must be >= 2.

Parameter initial_bias

The initial bias for the variable-length integer thresholding. initial_bias % base must be <= base - tmin.

Parameter initial_n

The first code point outside the "basic" set of code points.

Parameter delim

The "basic" code point used as the delimiter.

Parameter digits

The "basic" code points used as digits. The length of the string should be the same as the base parameter.


Methoddecode

stringdecode(strings)

Description

Decodes a Bootstring encoded string of "basic" code points back to the original string space.


Methodencode

stringencode(strings)

Description

Encodes a string using Bootstring encoding into a string constisting only of "basic" code points (< initial_n).

Class String.Buffer

Description

A buffer, used for building strings. It's conceptually similar to a string, but you can only add strings to it, and you can only get the value from it once.

There is a reason for those seemingly rather odd limitations, it makes it possible to do some optimizations that really speed things up.

You do not need to use this class unless you add very many strings together, or very large strings.

Example

For the fastest possible operation, write your code like this:

String.Buffer b =String.Buffer();function add = b->add;

.. call add several times in code ...

string result = b->get();// also clears the buffer

Method_search

int(0..)search(String.Bufferfrom, intcharacter, int|voidstart, int|voidend)

Description

Search for a character in the buffer, starting the scan from start and ending at end (inclusive).

Returns

Returns to position in the buffer where the character was found on success, and UNDEFINED on failure.

See also

Stdio.Buffer()->_search(), search(), lfun::_search()


Method_search

int(0..)search(String.Bufferfrom, stringsubstring, int|voidstart, int|voidend)

Description

Search for a substring in the buffer, starting the scan from start and ending at end (inclusive).

Returns

Returns to position in the buffer where the substring was found on success, and UNDEFINED on failure.

See also

Stdio.Buffer()->_search(), search(), lfun::_search()


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(String.Bufferarg)

Description

Returns the size of the buffer.


Method_sprintf

stringsprintf(stringformat, ... String.Bufferarg ... )

Description

It is possible to sprintf a String.Buffer object as %s just as if it was a string.


Method`+

String.Buffer res = String.Buffer() + what


Method`+=

String.Buffer() += what


Methodadd

intadd(string|String.Buffer ... data)

Description

Adds data to the buffer.

Returns

Returns the size of the buffer.

Note

Pike 7.8 and earlier did not support adding String.Buffers directly.


Methodcast

(int)String.Buffer()
(float)String.Buffer()
(string)String.Buffer()
(array)String.Buffer()
(mapping)String.Buffer()
(multiset)String.Buffer()

Description

It is possible to cast a String.Buffer object to a string and an int.


Methodclear

voidclear()

Description

Empty the buffer, and don't care about the old content.

Note

This function was not available in Pike 7.8 and earlier.

See also

get()


Methodcreate

String.BufferString.Buffer(intinitial_size)

Description

Initializes a new buffer.

If no initial_size is specified, 256 is used. If you know approximately how big the buffer will be, you can optimize the operation of add() (slightly) by passing the size to this function.


Methodget

stringget()

Description

Get the data from the buffer.

Note

This will clear the data in the buffer

See also

get_copy(), clear()


Methodget_copy

stringget_copy()

Description

Get the data from the buffer. Significantly slower than get, but does not clear the buffer.

See also

get()


Methodputchar

voidputchar(intc)

Description

Appends the character c at the end of the string.


Methodsprintf

intsprintf(strict_sprintf_formatformat, sprintf_args ... args)

Description

Appends the output from sprintf at the end of the string. Returns the resulting size of the String.Buffer.

Class String.Iterator

Description

An object of this class is returned by get_iterator() when called with a string.

See also

get_iterator


Inheritpredef::Iterator

inherit predef::Iterator : predef::Iterator

Class String.Replace

Description

This is a "compiled" version of the replace function applied on a string, with more than one replace string. The replace strings are given to the create method as a from and to array and are then analyzed. The `() is then called with a string and the replace rules in the Replace object will be applied. The Replace object is used internally by the Pike optimizer and need not be used manually.


Method_decode

String.Replacedecode_value(string(8bit)data)


Method_encode

string(8bit)encode_value(String.Replacedata)


Method`()

string res = String.Replace()()


Methodcreate

String.ReplaceString.Replace()
String.ReplaceString.Replace(mapping(string:string))
String.ReplaceString.Replace(array(string) from, array(string)|stringto)

Class String.SingleReplace

Description

This is a "compiled" version of the replace function applied on a string, with just one replace string. The replace strings are given to the create method as a from and tom string and are then analyzed. The `() is then called with a string and the replace rule in the Replace object will be applied. The Replace object is used internally by the Pike optimizer and need not be used manually.


Method_decode

String.SingleReplacedecode_value(string(8bit)data)


Method_encode

string(8bit)encode_value(String.SingleReplacedata)


Method`()

string res = String.SingleReplace()()


Methodcreate

String.SingleReplaceString.SingleReplace(string|voidfrom, string|voidto)

Note

May be called with either zero or two arguments.

Class String.SplitIterator (< StringType >)

Description

An iterator that iterates over substrings of a string, separated by a character or several different characters.

Note

Typically you don't need to explicitly use the SplitIterator. Expressions like the following are automatically optimized into using a SplitIterator.

foreach(str/"\n",string line)
      write("%s\n", line);

GenericStringType

__generic__stringStringType = string


Inheritpredef::Iterator

inherit predef::Iterator : predef::Iterator


Methodcreate

String.SplitIteratorString.SplitIterator(StringTypebuffer, int|array(int)|multiset(int) split_set, int|voidflags, function(:StringType|zero)|voidfeed)

Parameter buffer

The string to split.

Parameter split_set

The character or characters to split on.

Parameter flags

Skip empty elements if set.

Parameter feed

Callback function that is called once the buffer is used up and the SplitIterator wants more data.

Module String.Elite


Methodelite_string

stringelite_string(stringin, int(0..100)|voidleetp, bool|voideightbit)

Description

Translates a string to 1337. The optional argument leetp is the maximum percentage of leetness (100=max leet, 0=no leet).

The translation is performed in three steps, first the necessary elite translations (picture -> pic, cool->kewl etc), then optional translations (ok->k, dude->dood, -ers -> -orz), then calls elite_word on the resulting words.


Methodelite_word

stringelite_word(stringin, int(0..100)|voidleetp, int(0..2)|voideightbit)

Description

Translates one word to 1337. The optional argument leetp is the maximum percentage of leetness (100=max leet, 0=no leet). elite_word only do character-based translation, for instance from "k" to "|<", but no language translation (no "cool" to "kewl").

Module String.HTML

Description

Functions that helps generating HTML. All functions generates HTML that is XHTML compliant as well as backwards compatible with old HTML standards in what extent is possible.


Methodpad_rows

array(array(string)) pad_rows(array(array(string)) rows, string|voidpadding)

Description

Pads out the rows in a array of rows to equal length. The new elements in the rows will have the value provided in padding, or "&nbsp;".


Methodselect

stringselect(stringname, array(string)|array(array(string)) choices, void|stringselected)

Description

Creates an HTML select list.

Parameter name

The name of the select list. Will be used in the name attribute of the select element.

Parameter choices

May either be an array of strings, where each string is a choice, or an array of pairs. A pair is an array with two strings. The first string is the value of the choice while the second string is the presentation text associated with the value.

Parameter selected

The value that should be selected by default, if any.

Example

select("language", ({ ({ "eng", "English" }), ({ "swe", "Swedish" }), ({ "nor", "Norwegian" }) }), "swe");


Methodsimple_obox

stringsimple_obox(array(array(string)) rows, void|stringframe_color, string|voidcell_color, void|stringwidth, void|stringpadding, void|function(int, int, string, string:string) cell_callback)

Description

This function should solve most of the obox needs that arises. It creates a table out of the array of arrays of strings fed into it. The tables will (with default settings) have a thin black outline around the table and between its cells. Much effort has gone into finding a simple HTML reresentation of such obox that is rendered in a similar way in all popular browsers. The current implementation has been tested against IE, Netscape, Mozilla, Opera and Konquest.

Parameter rows

Simply an array of arrays with strings. The strings are the values that should appear in the table cells. All rows should have equal number of cells, otherwise the result will not be very eye pleasing.

Parameter frame_color

The color of the surrounding frame. Defaults to "#000000".

Parameter cell_color

The background color of the cells. Defaults to "#ffffff".

Parameter width

The border width. Defaults to "1".

Parameter padding

The amount of padding in each cell. Defaults to "3".

Parameter cell_callback

If provided, the cell callback will be called for each cell. As in parameters it will get the current x and y coordinates in the table. The upper left cell is 0,0. In addition to the coordinates it will also receive the background color and the contents of the current cell. It is expected to return a td-element.

Example

function cb = lambda(int x, int y, string bgcolor, string contents) { if(y%2) return "<td bgcolor='#aaaaff'>"+contents+"</td>"; return "<td bgcolor='"+bgcolor+"'>"+contents+"</td>"; } simple_obox(my_rows, "#0000a0", 0, "1", "3", cb);

See also

pad_rows

Class String.HTML.OBox

Description

Provides the same functionality as the simple_obox function, in a "streaming" way. The real gain is different addtition methods as well as the possibility to change the cell callback at any time.

See also

simple_obox


Methodadd_cell

voidadd_cell(stringcontents)

Description

Adds a cell with the provided content.


Methodadd_raw_cell

voidadd_raw_cell(stringcell)

Description

Adds this cell to the table unmodified, e.g. it should have an enclosing td or th element.


Methodadd_row

voidadd_row(array(string) cells)

Description

Adds a complete row. If the current row is nonempty a new row will be started.


Methodadd_tagdata_cell

voidadd_tagdata_cell(stringtag, mapping(string:string) args, stringcontents)

Description

Creates a cell from the provided arguments and adds it to the table.

Parameter tag

The name of the element that should be produces. Typically "td" or "th".

Parameter args

A mapping with the elements attributes.

Parameter contents

The element contents.


Methodcast

(int)String.HTML.OBox()
(float)String.HTML.OBox()
(string)String.HTML.OBox()
(array)String.HTML.OBox()
(mapping)String.HTML.OBox()
(multiset)String.HTML.OBox()

Description

It is possible to case this object to a string, which does the same as calling render, and to an array, which returns the cells in an array of rows.


Methodcreate

String.HTML.OBoxString.HTML.OBox(void|stringframe_color, void|stringcell_color, void|stringwidth, void|stringpadding, void|function(int, int, string, string:string) cell_callback)


Methodnew_row

voidnew_row()

Description

Begin a new row. Succeeding cells will be added to this row instead of the current.


Methodpad_rows

voidpad_rows()

Description

Ensures that all rows have the same number of cells.


Methodrender

stringrender()

Description

Returns the result.


Methodset_cell_callback

voidset_cell_callback(function(int, int, string, string:string) cell_callback)


Methodset_extra_args

voidset_extra_args(array(mapping(string:string)) extra_args)

Description

The argument in the mappings will be added to the cell in the cooresponding column of the table.


Methodset_extra_args

voidset_extra_args(mapping(string:string) extra_args)

Description

The argument in the mapping will be added to all created table cells.

10.2. Array

Module Array

Description

General functions to operate on arrays.


Methodall

boolall(arraya, function(int(0), mixed ... :mixed) predicate, mixed ... extra_args)

Description

Returns 1 if all of the elements in a fulfills the requirement predicate( a[i], @extra_args ), otherwise 0. The predicate should return non-zero for an element that meets the requirements and zero for those that do not.

Example

Array.all( ({ 2, 4, 6, 8 }), `<, 17 )

See also

any, has_value


Methodany

boolany(arraya, function(__unknown__, __unknown__ ... :mixed) predicate, mixed ... extra_args)

Description

Returns 1 if any of the elements in a fulfills the requirement predicate( a[i], @extra_args ), otherwise 0. The predicate should return non-zero for an element that meets the requirements and zero for those that do not.

Example

Array.any( ({ 2, 4, 6, 8 }), `>, 5 )

See also

all, has_value


Methodarrayify

arrayarrayify(void|array|mixedx)

Description

Make an array of the argument, if it isn't already. An undefined argument gives the empty array. This is useful when something is either an array or a basic datatype, for instance in headers from the MIME module or Protocols.HTTP.Server.

Parameter x

Result depends of the argument type:

arrayp(x)

arrayify(x) => x

undefinedp(x)

arrayify(x) => ({})

otherwise

arrayify(x) => ({ x })


Methodcolumns

array(array) columns(arrayx, arrayind)

Description

Get multiple columns from an array.

This function is equivalent to

   map(ind, lambda(mixed i) { return column(x, i); })
 
See also

column()


Methodcombinations

array(array) combinations(arrayarr, int(0..)len)

Description

Returns an array of all combinations of length len of elements from arr.

See also

permute()


Methodcommon_prefix

arraycommon_prefix(array(array) arrs)

Description

Find the longest common prefix from an array of arrays.

See also

String.common_prefix


Methodcompact_diff3

array(array(array)) compact_diff3(arraya, arrayb, arrayold)

Description

Given three arrays like those returned from diff3, this function "compacts" the diff3 result by removing all differences where a and b agrees against old. The result is on the same form as the result from diff, and doesn't include the sequence from old.


Methodcount

intcount(array|mapping|multisethaystack, mixedneedle)
mapping(mixed:int) count(array|mapping|multisethaystack)

Description

Returns the number of occurrences of needle in haystack. If the optional needle argument is omitted, count instead works similar to the unix command sort|uniq -c, returning a mapping with the number of occurrences of each element in haystack. For array or mapping haystacks, it's the values that are counted, for multisets the indices, as you'd expect.

See also

String.count, search, has_value


Methoddiff

array(array(array)) diff(arraya, arrayb)

Description

Calculates which parts of the arrays that are common to both, and which parts that are not.

Returns

Returns an array with two elements, the first is an array of parts in array a, and the second is an array of parts in array b.

See also

diff_compare_table(), diff_longest_sequence(), String.fuzzymatch()


Methoddiff3

array(array(array)) diff3(arraya, arrayb, arrayc)

Description

Return the three-way difference between the arrays.

See also

Array.diff(), Array.diff_longest_sequence()


Methoddiff_compare_table

array(array(int)) diff_compare_table(arraya, arrayb)

Description

Returns an array which maps from index in a to corresponding indices in b.

 > Array.diff_compare_table( ({ "a","b","c" }), ({ "b", "b", "c", "d", "b" }));
 Result: ({
             ({ }),
             ({
                 0,
                 1,
                 4
             }),
             ({
                 2
 	        })
         })
 
See also

diff(), diff_longest_sequence(), String.fuzzymatch()


Methoddiff_dyn_longest_sequence

array(int) diff_dyn_longest_sequence(arraya, arrayb)

Description

Gives the longest sequence of indices in b that have corresponding values in the same order in a.

This function performs the same operation as diff_longest_sequence(), but uses a different algorithm, which in some rare cases might be faster (usually it's slower though).

See also

diff_longest_sequence(), diff(), diff_compare_table(), String.fuzzymatch()


Methoddiff_longest_sequence

array(int) diff_longest_sequence(arraya, arrayb)

Description

Gives the longest sequence of indices in b that have corresponding values in the same order in a.

See also

diff(), diff_compare_table(), String.fuzzymatch()


Methoddwim_sort_func

int(-1..1)dwim_sort_func(stringa, stringb)

Description

Sort strings containing numbers with respect to their values rather than according to their formatting (this most notably causes leading zeroes to be ignored/unnecessary).

Example

"foo7" will be sorted before "foo27", which will be before "foo100".


Methodeverynth

array(mixed) everynth(array(mixed) a, void|int(1..)n, void|int(0..)start)

Description

Return an array with every n:th element of the array a.

If n is zero every other element will be returned.

See also

splice(), `/()


Methodflatten

arrayflatten(arraya, mapping(array:array)|voidstate)

Description

Flatten a multi-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array.

Note

Prior to Pike 7.5.7 it was not safe to call this function with cyclic data-structures.


Methodgreedy_diff

array(array(array)) greedy_diff(arrayfrom, arrayto)

Description

Like Array.diff, but tries to generate bigger continuous chunks of the differences, instead of maximizing the number of difference chunks. More specifically, greedy_diff optimizes the cases where Array.diff returns ({ ..., A, Z, B, ({}), C, ... })({ ..., A, X, B,  Y+B, C, ... }) into the somewhat shorter diff arrays ({ ..., A, Z,     B+C, ... })({ ..., A, X+B+Y, B+C, ... })


Methodinterleave_array

array(int) interleave_array(array(mapping(int:mixed)) tab)

Description

Interleave a sparse matrix.

Returns an array with offsets that describe how to shift the rows of tab so that only at most one non-zero value exists in every column.


Methodlongest_ordered_sequence

array(int) longest_ordered_sequence(arraya)

Description

Find the longest ordered sequence of elements.

This function returns an array of the indices in the longest ordered sequence of elements in the array.

See also

diff()


Methodlyskom_sort_func

int(-1..1)lyskom_sort_func(stringa, stringb)

Description

Sort comparison function that does not care about case, nor about the contents of any parts of the string enclosed with '()'

Example: "Foo (bar)" is given the same weight as "foo (really!)"


Methodoid_sort_func

int(-1..1)oid_sort_func(stringa, stringb)

Description

Sort with care of numerical sort for OID values, e.g. "1.2.1" before "1.11.1".

Returns
-1

a<b

0

a==b

1

a>b

Note

In Pike 7.6 and older this function returned 0 both when a<b and a==b.

See also

sort_array


Methodpartition

array(array) partition(arraya, function(int(0), mixed ... :mixed) arbiter, mixed ... extra_args)

Description

Splits an array in two, according to an arbitration function arbiter. The elements in a who return non-zero for the expression arbiter( a[i], @extra_args ) end up in the first sub-array, the others in the second. The order is preserved from the original array.

Example

Array.partition( enumerate( 9 ), lambda(int n) { return n>3 && n<7; } ); > ({ ({ 4, 5, 6 }), ({ 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8 }) })

See also

filter, `/, `%


Methodpermute

arraypermute(arrayin, int(0..)number)

Description

Give a specified permutation of an array.

The number of permutations is equal to sizeof(in)! (the factorial of the size of the given array).

See also

shuffle()


Methodpop

arraypop(arraylist)

Description

Pops and returns the last value of the array, shortening the array by one element. If there are no elements in the array then 0 is returned otherwise an array is returned where the first returned element is the popped value, and the second element is the modified array.

Example

Array.pop(({ "a", "b", "c", "d" })); > ({ "d", ({ "a", "b", "c" }) })

See also

ADT.Stack, ADT.Stack.pop, ADT.Stack.quick_pop


Methodpush

arraypush(arraylist, mixedelement)

Description

Threats an Array as a stack and pushes the element onto the end.

Example

Array.push(({ "a", "b", "c", "d" }), "e"); > ({ "a", "b", "c", "d", "e" })

See also

ADT.Stack, ADT.Stack.push


Methodreduce

mixedreduce(function(:void) fun, arrayarr, mixed|voidzero)

Description

reduce() sends the first two elements in arr to fun, then the result and the next element in arr to fun and so on. Then it returns the result. The function will return zero if arr is the empty array. If arr has only one element, that element will be returned.

See also

rreduce()


Methodrreduce

mixedrreduce(function(:void) fun, arrayarr, mixed|voidzero)

Description

rreduce() sends the last two elements in arr to fun, then the third last element in arr and the result to fun and so on. Then it returns the result. The function will return zero if arr is the empty array. If arr has only one element, that element will be returned.

See also

reduce()


Methodsearch_array

intsearch_array(arrayarr, string|function(:void)|intfun, mixed ... args)

Description

search_array() works like map(), only it returns the index of the first call that returnes true instead.

If no call returns true, -1 is returned.

See also

sum(), map()


Methodshift

array|zeroshift(arraylist)

Description

Shifts the first value of the array off and returns it, shortening the array by 1 and moving everything down. If there are no elements in the array it returns 0. Returns an array where the first element is the shifted value and the second element is the modified array.

Example

Array.shift(({ "a", "b", "c", "d"})); > ({ "a", ({ "b", "c", "d" }) })

See also

ADT.Stack


Methodshuffle

arrayshuffle(arrayarr)

Description

shuffle() gives back the same elements, but in random order. The array is modified destructively.

See also

permute()


Methodsort_array

arraysort_array(arrayarr, function(:void)|voidcmp, mixed ... args)

Description

This function sorts the array arr after a compare-function cmp which takes two arguments and should return 1 if the first argument is larger then the second. Returns the sorted array - arr is not sorted destructively.

The remaining arguments args will be sent as 3rd, 4th etc. argument to cmp.

If cmp is omitted, `>() is used instead.

See also

map(), sort(), `>(), dwim_sort_func, lyskom_sort_func, oid_sort_func


Methodsplice

array(mixed) splice(array(mixed) arr1, array(mixed) arr2, array(mixed) ... more_arrays)

Description

Splice two or more arrays.

This means that the returned array has the first element in the first given array, then the first argument in next array and so on for all arrays. Then the second elements are added, etc.

See also

`/(), `*(), `+(), `-(), everynth()


Methodsum

mixedsum(arraya)

Description

Sum the elements of an array using `+. The empty array results in 0.


Methodsum_arrays

arraysum_arrays(function(int(0) ... :mixed) sum, array ... args)

Description

Applies the function sum columnwise on the elements in the provided arrays. E.g. sum_arrays(`+,a,b,c) does the same as `+(a[*],b[*],c[*]).


Methodtranspose

array(array) transpose(array(array) matrix)

Description

Takes an array of equally sized arrays (essentially a matrix of size M*N) and returns the transposed (N*M) version of it, where rows and columns are exchanged for one another.


Methoduniq

arrayuniq(arraya, function(mixed, mixed:bool)|voidcmp)

Description

Remove elements that are duplicates.

Parameter a

Array that may contain duplicate elements.

Parameter cmp

Function to use for comparing elements. If not specified, the elements will be compared with `==() and hashed (cf lfun::__hash()).

Returns

This function returns an copy of the array a with all duplicate values removed. The order of the values is kept in the result; it's always the first of several equal elements that is kept.

Note

The cmp argument is only available in Pike 9.1 and later.

Note

The cmp function MUST return non-zero for all element pairs that predef::`==() considers equal.


Methoduniq2

arrayuniq2(arraya)

Description

Perform the same action as the Unix uniq command on an array, that is, fold consecutive occurrences of the same element into a single element of the result array:

aabbbcaababb -> abcabab.

See also the uniq function.


Methodunshift

arrayunshift(arraylist, mixedelement)

Description

Does the opposite of "shift". Or the opposite of a "push", depending on how you look at it. Prepends the element to the front of the array and returns the new array.

Example

Array.unshift(({ "b", "c", "d" }), "a"); > ({ "a", "b", "c", "d" })

See also

ADT.Stack

Class Array.Iterator

Description

An object of this class is returned by get_iterator() when called with an array.

See also

get_iterator


Inheritpredef::Iterator

inherit predef::Iterator : predef::Iterator

10.3. Mapping

Module Mapping


Constantdelete

constant Mapping.delete

Description

Alias for m_delete()

Class Mapping.Iterator

Description

An object of this class is returned by get_iterator() when called with a mapping.

See also

get_iterator


Inheritpredef::Iterator

inherit predef::Iterator : predef::Iterator

Class Mapping.ShadowedMapping

Description

A mapping look-alike that overrides (ie shadows) another parent mapping.

The class implements most of the usual mapping operations.


Variableparent

protectedmapping|ShadowedMapping Mapping.ShadowedMapping.parent


Method__create__

protectedlocalvoid__create__(mapping|ShadowedMappingparent)


Methodcreate

Mapping.ShadowedMappingMapping.ShadowedMapping(mapping|ShadowedMappingparent, mapping|ShadowedMappingparent, mapping|voidshadow, int(0..2)|voidmodify_parent)

Parameter parent

Mapping to be shadowed.

Parameter shadow

Initial shadow of parent.

Parameter modify_parent

Modifications should be done to parent rather than to shadow.

0

Modifications should be done only to shadow.

1

Entries that already present in shadow can be modified by later operations. Other modifications will be performed in parent.

2

All modifications will be performed in parent. If the entry to be modified is present in shadow, it will be removed from it.

10.4. Multiset

Module Multiset

Description

Multiset handling.

Class Multiset.Iterator

Description

An object of this class is returned by get_iterator() when called with a multiset.

See also

get_iterator


Inheritpredef::Iterator

inherit predef::Iterator : predef::Iterator

10.5. Int

Module Int


ConstantNATIVE_MIN
ConstantNATIVE_MAX

constant Int.NATIVE_MIN
constant Int.NATIVE_MAX

Description

The limits for using the native representation of integers on the current architecture. Any integer that is outside this range uses a more complex and slower representation. Also, some builtin functions that don't expect very large integers might start to complain about invalid argument type when given values outside this range (they typically say something like "Expected integer, got object").

NATIVE_MIN is not greater than -2147483648 (-0x80000000).

NATIVE_MAX is not less than 2147483647 (0x7fffffff).

Note

The size of the native integers can be controlled when Pike is compiled with the configure flags --with-int-int, --with-long-int, and --with-long-long-int. The default is to use the longest available integer type that fits inside a pointer, which typically means that it's 64 bit on "true" 64 bit architectures.


Variableinf

Inf Int.inf

Description

An object that behaves like positive infinity.


Variableninf

Inf Int.ninf

Description

An object that behaves like negative infinity.


Methodparity

boolparity(int(0..)value)

Description

Returns the parity of the integer value. If the parity is odd 1 is returned. If it is even 0 is returned.


Methodreflect

int(0..)reflect(intvalue, int(0..)bits)

Description

Reverses the order of the low order bits number of bits of the value value.

Note

Any higher order bits of the value will be cleared. The returned value will thus be unsigned.

See also

reverse(), swap_word(), swap_long()


Methodswap_long

int(32bit)swap_long(int(32bit)i)

Description

Swaps the upper and lower word in a longword, and the upper and lower bytes in the words. Simply put, the bytes are reversed.

See also

swap_word()


Methodswap_word

int(16bit)swap_word(int(16bit)i)

Description

Swaps the upper and lower byte in a word.

See also

swap_long()

Class Int.Inf

Description

The type of Int.inf. Do not create more instances of this.

10.6. Float

Module Float


ConstantDIGITS_10
ConstantMIN_10_EXP
ConstantMAX_10_EXP
ConstantMIN
ConstantMAX
ConstantEPSILON

constant Float.DIGITS_10
constant Float.MIN_10_EXP
constant Float.MAX_10_EXP
constant Float.MIN
constant Float.MAX
constant Float.EPSILON

Description

These constants define the limits for floats on the current architecture:

DIGITS_10

The number of decimal digits that can be represented. Any number with this many decimal digits can be stored in a float and converted back to decimal form without change. DIGITS_10 is not less than 6.

MIN_10_EXP
MAX_10_EXP

Limits of the exponent in decimal base. 10 raised to any number within this range can be represented in normalized form. MIN_10_EXP is not greater than -37. MAX_10_EXP is not less than 37.

MIN

The smallest normalized float greater than zero. It's not greater than 1e-37.

MAX

The largest finite float. It's not less than 1e37.

EPSILON

The difference between 1 and the smallest value greater than 1 that can be represented. It's not greater than 1e-5.

Note

The size of the float type can be controlled when Pike is compiled with the configure flags --with-double-precision and --with-long-double-precision. The default is to use the longest available float type that fits inside a pointer.


ConstantFLOAT_PRECISION
ConstantDOUBLE_PRECISION
ConstantLONG_DOUBLE_PRECISION

constant Float.FLOAT_PRECISION
constant Float.DOUBLE_PRECISION
constant Float.LONG_DOUBLE_PRECISION

Description

Tells which C compiler float type that is used for Pike floats. Only one of these constants will exist (with the value 1) at runtime.

FLOAT_PRECISION

The float type of the C compiler is used.

DOUBLE_PRECISION

The double type of the C compiler is used.

LONG_DOUBLE_PRECISION

The long double type of the C compiler is used.

Note

The float type can be controlled when Pike is compiled with the configure flags --with-double-precision and --with-long-double-precision. The default is to use the longest available float type that fits inside a pointer.


Methodisnan

boolisnan(floatx)

Description

Returns true if x is nan.

10.7. Function

Module Function


MethodY

function(:void) Y(function(:void) f)

Description

The dreaded fixpoint combinator "Y".

The Y combinator is useful when writing recursive lambdas. It converts a lambda that expects a self-reference as its first argument into one which can be called without this argument.

Example

This example creates a lambda that computes the faculty function.

Function.Y(lambda(function f,int n){return n>1? n*f(n-1): 1;})
See also

this_function


Methodcall_callback

voidcall_callback(function(:void) f, mixed ... args)

Description

Call a callback function, but send throws from the callback function (ie, errors) to master()->handle_error. Also accepts if f is zero (0) without error.

Example
Functions.call_callback(the_callback,some,arguments);

equals

{mixed err=catch{if(the_callback) the_callback(some,arguments);};if(err) master()->handle_error(err);}

(Approximately, since call_callback also calls handle_error if 0 were thrown.)


Methodcomposite

function(:void) composite(function(:void) ... f)

Description

Creates a composite function of the provided functions. The composition function of f() and g(), q(x)=f(g(x)), is created by function q = Function.composite(f, g);.

Example
map(input/",",Function.composite(String.trim, upper_case));

Methodcurry

function(mixed ... :function(mixed ... :mixed|void)) curry(function(:void) f)

Description

Partially evaluate a function call.

This function allows N parameters to be given to a function taking M parameters (N<=M), yielding a new function taking M-N parameters.

What is actually returned from this function is a function taking N parameters, and returning a function taking M-N parameters.

Example

This example creates a function adding 7 to its argument.

Function.curry(`+)(7)

Methoddefined

stringdefined(function(:void) fun)

Description

Returns a string with filename and linenumber where fun was defined.

Returns 0 (zero) when no line can be found, e.g. for builtin functions and functions in destructed objects.


Methodsplice_call

mixedsplice_call(arrayargs, function(:void) f, mixed|void ... extra)

Description

Calls the given function with the args array plus the optional extra arguments as its arguments and returns the result.

Most useful in conjunction with map, and particularly in combination with sscanf with "...%{...%}..." scan strings (which indeed was what it was invented for in the first place).

Parameter args

The first arguments the function f expects.

Parameter f

The function to apply the arguments on.

Parameter extra

Optional extra arguments to send to f.

Returns

Whatever the supplied function f returns.

Example
class Product(string name,string version){string _sprintf(){return sprintf("Product(%s/%s)", name, version);}}
  map(({({"pike","7.1.11"}),({"whitefish","0.1"})}),Function.splice_call, Product);({/* 2 elements */
	 Product(pike/7.1.11),
	 Product(whitefish/0.1)})

Methoduncurry

function(mixed ... :mixed) uncurry(function(:void) f)

Description

This function, given a function taking N parameters, returns a new function taking N+1 parameters. The first argument will be ignored.

Example
>  Function.uncurry(`+)(7,2,3)
 Result: 5

Class Function.bind

Description

Partially evaluate a function call.

This function returns a function that when called will do the specified argument mapping. It is similar to curry, but allows more dynamic changes of the argument evaluation, you can leave the first argument unspecified while setting others, or simply change the argument order.

Parameter f

The first argument is the function to be called.

Parameter bind_args

All other arguments are either a generic value, which will be sent as-is to the function or one of the placeholder values defined in Function.Placeholder, or one of your own implementation (inherit Function.Placeholder.Base and implement the value function.).

Example

This example returns a function that limits the given argument to between 0 and 99.

importFunction.Placeholder;function clip =Function.bind(limit, 0, arg0, 100);

Variablef
Variablebind_args

function(:void) Function.bind.f
array(mixed) Function.bind.bind_args


Method__create__

protectedlocalvoid__create__(function(:void) f, mixed ... bind_args)


Methodcreate

Function.bindFunction.bind(function(:void) f, mixed ... bind_args)

Module Function.Placeholder

Description

Placeholder arguments for Function.bind


Constantarg0
Constantarg1
Constantarg2
Constantarg3
Constantarg4
Constantarg5
Constantarg6
Constantarg7
Constantarg8
Constantarg9

constant Function.Placeholder.arg0
constant Function.Placeholder.arg1
constant Function.Placeholder.arg2
constant Function.Placeholder.arg3
constant Function.Placeholder.arg4
constant Function.Placeholder.arg5
constant Function.Placeholder.arg6
constant Function.Placeholder.arg7
constant Function.Placeholder.arg8
constant Function.Placeholder.arg9

Description

arg<n> will return an instance of Arg that returns the n:th arg. For convenience for c++11 developers _0, _1 etc also works.

Note that arg0 is the first argument, not arg1


Variablerest

Arg Function.Placeholder.rest

Description

Return all arguments not used by any Arg or Splice.

Unlike Splice this will return non-continous unused arguments.

Example

This creates a version of call_out that has the function argument as the last argument

import Function.Placeholder;
 Function.bind( call_out, Arg(-1), rest)

Class Function.Placeholder.Arg

Description

Arg(x) returns the value of argument X


InheritBase

inherit Base : Base


Variablenum

int Function.Placeholder.Arg.num


Method__create__

protectedlocalvoid__create__(intnum)


Methodcreate

Function.Placeholder.ArgFunction.Placeholder.Arg(intnum)


Methodvalue

mixedvalue(bindx, arrayargs)

Description

The function that is called to return the argument value.

Class Function.Placeholder.Expr

Description

Expr(x) returns the result of calling x. The function will be passed the list of arguments.

If _splice is true, zero or more argument is returned in an array

Function.Placeholder.arg1 is thus more or less equivalent to

Expr(lambda(array args){return args[1];});

InheritBase

inherit Base : Base


Variablefunc
Variable_splice

function(:void) Function.Placeholder.Expr.func
void|bool Function.Placeholder.Expr._splice


Method__create__

protectedlocalvoid__create__(function(:void) func, void|bool_splice)


Methodcreate

Function.Placeholder.ExprFunction.Placeholder.Expr(function(:void) func, void|bool_splice)

Class Function.Placeholder.Splice

Description

Splice(from) adds all arguments starting with argument number from, optionally ending with end. Equivalent to args[from .. end]


InheritBase

inherit Base : Base


Variablefrom
Variableend

int Function.Placeholder.Splice.from
void|int Function.Placeholder.Splice.end


Method__create__

protectedlocalvoid__create__(intfrom, void|intend)


Methodcreate

Function.Placeholder.SpliceFunction.Placeholder.Splice(intfrom, void|intend)

10.8. Program

Module Program


Methodall_inherits

array(program) all_inherits(programp)

Description

Enumerate all programs this program inherits, directly or indirectly. Similar to inherit_tree() but returns a flat array.

Example

> class a{} > class b{} > class c{ inherit a; } > class d{ inherit b; inherit c; } > Program.inherit_tree(d); Result: ({ /* 3 elements */ b, c, a })


Methodannotations

multiset(Pike.Annotation) annotations(programx, bool|voidno_recurse)

Description

Return a multiset with the annotations for all symbols in x attached to this program.

Parameter x

Program whose identifiers should be returned.

Parameter no_recurse

Do not include annotations recursively added via inherits.

Returns

Returns an multiset with annotations added directly to this program.

Note

This function was added in Pike 8.1.

See also

indices(), values(), types(), lfun::_annotations(), ::_annotations()


Methoddefined

stringdefined(programp)

Description

Returns a string with filename and linenumber describing where the program p was defined.

The returned string is of the format "filename:linenumber".

If it cannot be determined where the program was defined, 0 (zero) will be returned.


Methoddefined

string|zerodefined(programx, stringidentifier)

Description

Returns a string with filename and linenumber where identifier in x was defined.

Returns 0 (zero) when no line can be found, e.g. for builtin functions.

If identifier can not be found in x this function returns where the program is defined.


Methodimplements

intimplements(programprog, programapi)

Description

Returns 1 if prog implements api.


Methodinherit_list

array(program) inherit_list(programp)

Description

Returns an array with the programs that p has inherited.


Methodinherit_tree

arrayinherit_tree(programp)

Description

Recursively builds a inheritance tree by fetching programs inheritance lists.

Returns

Returns an array with programs or arrays as elements.

Example

> class a{} > class b{} > class c{ inherit a; } > class d{ inherit b; inherit c; } > Program.inherit_tree(d); Result: ({ /* 3 elements */ d, ({ /* 1 element */ program }), ({ /* 2 elements */ c, ({ /* 1 element */ program }) }) })


Methodinherits

intinherits(program|objectchild, programparent)

Description

Returns 1 if child has inherited parent.

10.9. ADT

Module ADT

Description

Various Abstract Data Types.


Inherit_ADT

inherit _ADT : _ADT

Class ADT.BitBuffer

Description

Implements a FIFO bit buffer, i.e. a buffer that operates on bits instead of bytes. It is not designed for performance, but as a way to handle complicated file formats and other standards where you may need to work on unaligned data units of sub byte size, without having to fry your brain while keeping track of all the bits yourself.

Example

> ADT.BitBuffer b=ADT.BitBuffer(); > b->put1(2); (1) Result: ADT.BitBuffer(11) > b->put0(15); (2) Result: ADT.BitBuffer("\300\0"0) > b->drain(); (3) Result: "\300\0" > sizeof(b); (4) Result: 1


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.BitBufferarg)

Description

sizeof() will return the number of bits in the buffer.


Methodcreate

ADT.BitBufferADT.BitBuffer(void|stringdata)

Description

The buffer can be initialized with initial data during creation.


Methoddrain

stringdrain()

Description

Drains the buffer of all full (8-bits wide) bytes.


Methodfeed

this_programfeed(stringx)

Description

Adds full bytes to the buffer.


Methodget

intget(intbits)

Description

Get bits from the buffer.

Throws

Throws an error in case of data underflow.

Note

The bits are extracted with the most significant bit first.


Methodput

this_programput(intvalue, intbits)

Description

Put bits number of bits with the value value into the buffer.

Note

value must not be larger than what can be stored with the number of bits given in bits.

Note

The bits are added to the buffer with the most significant bit first.


Methodput0

this_programput0(intbits)

Description

Put bits number of 0 bits into the buffer.


Methodput1

this_programput1(intbits)

Description

Put bits number of 1 bits into the buffer.


Methodread

stringread(void|intbytes)

Description

Reads bytes (or less) bytes from the buffer and returns as string.

Class ADT.CircularList

Description

This is an circular list implemented by an array. It has a constant time complexity for pop and push. It has a limited max size but it can be increased with the methods allocate() or [set_max_size()].


Method_equal

boolequal(ADT.CircularListfrom, mixedcoll)

Returns

Returns true if the object coll is a CircularList and contains the same values in the same order.


Method_get_iterator

ADT.CircularLista;
foreach( a; index; value ) or
CircularListIterator_get_iterator(void|intind)

Description

Create and initiate a new CircularListIterator that could be used to iterate over this list.

Parameter ind

If an ind value is supplied the iterator will be positioned at that index.

Returns

An iterator.


Method_indices

arrayindices(ADT.CircularListarg)

Returns

The indices in this list as an array.


Method_insert_element

void_insert_element(intindex, mixedvalue)

Description

Insert an element in the list at the position index, the value at the position index and all above will have their index increased by one.

Parameter index

The index to insert the value at.

Parameter value

The new value.

Throws

An error if the index is out of range.

Note

The max_size is increased by one.

See also

_remove_element()


Method_m_clear

void_m_clear()

Description

Clear the contents of the list.

See also

clear()


Method_remove_element

mixed_remove_element(intindex)

Description

Remove the values at index index from the list.

Parameter index

The index to remove.

Returns

The removed value.

Throws

An error if the index is out of range.

Note

The max_size is decreased by one.

See also

_insert_element()


Method_search

intsearch(ADT.CircularListfrom, mixedvalue, void|intstart)

Description

Search the list for a specific value. Return the index of the first value that is equal to value. If no value was found UNDEFINED is returned instead

Parameter value

The value to find

Parameter start

If a start value is supplied it will start searching at the index start.

Returns

Returns the index of the found value or -1.

Throws

An error if the start is out of range.


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.CircularListarg)

Returns

The number of elements in this list.


Method_values

arrayvalues(ADT.CircularListarg)

Returns

The values in this list as an array.


Method`+

CircularList res = ADT.CircularList() + coll

Description

Addition operator

Append the content of this CircularList and @coll and return the results as a new CircularList.

Parameter coll

The lists to append to this list

Returns

The result of the append as a new CircularList.


Method`[]

mixed res = ADT.CircularList()[ index ]

Description

Index operator

Parameter index

The index to get the value for, may be negative to index from the end.

Returns

The value at the index index

Throws

An error if the index is out of range.


Method`[]=

ADT.CircularList()[ index ] = value

Description

Index assign operator. Set the value at the index index to be value

Parameter index

The index to set

Parameter value

The new value

Returns

The new value at the index index

Throws

An error if the index is out of range.


Methodadd

voidadd(mixedvalue, bool|voidforce)

Description

Add a value at the front of the list

Parameter value

The value to add.

Parameter force

Add the value even if the list is full, in which case the element at the back of the list will be removed.

Throws

An error if the list is full and force is false.

Note

force was not supported in Pike 8.0.1800 and earlier.

Note

This is the same operation as push_front().

See also

push_back(), push_front()


Methodallocate

voidallocate(intelements)

Description

Increase the maxsize of the CircularlList.

Parameter elements

Add this number of new elements to the list.

See also

set_max_size()


Methodcast

(array)ADT.CircularList()

Description

Cast operator.

Parameter type

Casts to this type.

Casts to the following types are supported:

"array"

Cast the content of this list to an array.

Returns

An array with the contents of this list.


Methodclear

voidclear()

Description

Clear the contents of the list.

Deprecated

Replaced by _m_clear.


Methodcreate

ADT.CircularListADT.CircularList(array|intarg)

Description

Creates a new CircularList around the array arg or a new CircularList with the maximum size of arg.


Methoddelete_value

intdelete_value(mixedvalue)

Description

Remove the first occurrence of the value value from the list.

Parameter value

The value to remove from the list.

Returns

The index of the removed element or -1 if there was no value to remove.


Methodfirst

__deprecated__CircularListIteratorfirst()

Description

Create and initiate a new CircularListIterator that could be used to iterate over this list.

Returns

An iterator positioned before the first element of the list.

Deprecated

Replaced by _get_iterator.

With the Pike 8.1 and later iterator API this is identical to last() and _get_iterator().

See also

_get_iterator(), last()


Methodis_empty

boolis_empty()

Returns

Returns 1 if the list is empty otherwise 0.


Methodlast

__deprecated__CircularListIteratorlast()

Description

Create and initiate a new CircularListIterator that could be used to iterate over this list.

Returns

An iterator positioned after the last element of the list.

Deprecated

Replaced by _get_iterator.

With the Pike 8.1 and later iterator API this is identical to first() and _get_iterator().

See also

_get_iterator(), first()


Methodmax_size

intmax_size()

Returns

Returns the maximal size of this list.

See also

set_max_size()


Methodpeek_back

mixedpeek_back()

Returns

The value at the back of the list but do not remove it from the list.


Methodpeek_front

mixedpeek_front()

Returns

The value at the front of the list but do not remove it from the list.


Methodpop_back

mixedpop_back()

Description

Remove the value at the back of the list and return it.

Returns

The value at the back of the list.


Methodpop_front

mixedpop_front()

Description

Remove the value at the front of the list and return it.

Returns

The value at the front of the list.


Methodpush_back

voidpush_back(mixedvalue, bool|voidforce)

Description

Add a new value at the end of the list.

Parameter value

The value to add.

Parameter force

Add the value even if the list is full, in which case the element at the front of the list will be removed.

Throws

An error if the list is full and force is false.

Note

force was not supported in Pike 8.0.1800 and earlier.

See also

add(), push_front()


Methodpush_front

voidpush_front(mixedvalue, bool|voidforce)

Description

Add a new value at the front of the list.

Parameter value

The value to add.

Parameter force

Add the value even if the list is full, in which case the element at the back of the list will be removed.

Throws

An error if the list is full and force is false.

Note

force was not supported in Pike 8.0.1800 and earlier.

Note

This is the same operation as add().

See also

add(), push_back()


Methodset_max_size

intset_max_size(int(0..)new_size)

Parameter new_size

The new size of the list.

Returns

Returns the old maximal size of the list.

Note

When reducing in size, elements that no longer fit are dropped from the back.

See also

allocate(), max_size()

Class ADT.CircularList.CircularListIterator

Description

This is the iterator for the CircularList. It implements the IndexIterator and the OutputIterator.


Method_equal

boolequal(ADT.CircularList.CircularListIteratorfrom, mixediter)

Description

Compare this iterator with another iterator.

Parameter iter

The iterator to compare with

Returns

Returns true if both iterators iterates over the same objects and are positioned at the same spot.


Method_iterator_index

int_iterator_index()

Returns

The index at the current position.


Method_iterator_value

mixed_iterator_value()

Returns

The value at the current position.


Method`+

CircularListIterator res = ADT.CircularList.CircularListIterator() + steps

Description

Move the iterator steps steps forward (negative value on steps will cause the iterator to move backwards) and return the result as a new iterator.

Returns

A new iterator positioned steps steps forward.


Method`+=

ADT.CircularList.CircularListIterator() += steps

Description

Move this iterator steps steps forward (negative value on steps will cause the iterator to move backwards) and return the result.

Returns

This iterator positioned steps steps forward.


Method`-

CircularListIterator res = ADT.CircularList.CircularListIterator() - steps

Description

Move the iterator steps steps backwards (negative value on steps will cause the iterator to move forwards) and return the result as a new iterator.

Returns

A new iterator positioned steps steps backwards.


Method`<

bool res = ADT.CircularList.CircularListIterator() < iter

Description

Less then operator

Returns

Returns true if this iterator has a lower index then iter.


Method`>

bool res = ADT.CircularList.CircularListIterator() > iter

Description

Greater then operator

Returns

Returns true if this iterator has a higher index then iter.


Methodcreate

ADT.CircularList.CircularListIteratorADT.CircularList.CircularListIterator(objectlist, void|intstart)

Description

Creates a new iterator for the CircularList list. If start is supplied it will try to position the iterator at start.


Methoddistance

intdistance(objectiter)

Parameter iter

The iterator to measure the distance to.

Returns

Returns distance between this iterator and iter.

Throws

An error if the two iterator could not be compared.

Note

This operation is only valid if both iterators are for the same CircularList object.


Methodget_collection

CircularListget_collection()

Returns

Returns the CircularList this iterator currently iterates over.


Methodhas_next

boolhas_next(void|intsteps)

Returns

Returns true if it is possible to move steps steps forwards, if steps weren't supplied it check if it is possible to move one step forward.


Methodhas_previous

boolhas_previous(void|intsteps)

Returns

Returns true if it is possible to move steps steps backwards, if steps weren't supplied it check if it is possible to move one step backward.


Methodset_value

mixedset_value(mixedval)

Description

Set the value at the current position.

Parameter val

The new value

Returns

Returns the old value

Class ADT.Heap (< ValueType >)

Description

This class implements a (min-)heap. The value of a child node will always be greater than or equal to the value of its parent node. Thus, the top node of the heap will always hold the smallest value.


GenericValueType

__generic__mixedValueType = mixed

Description

Type for the values on the heap.


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.Heaparg)

Description

Returns the number of elements in the heap.


Methodadjust

Elementadjust(ValueType|Elementvalue)

Description

Takes a value in the heap and sorts it through the heap to maintain its sort criteria (increasing order).

Parameter value

Either the element handle returned by push(), or the pushed value itself.

Returns

Returns the element handle for the value (if present in the heap), and 0 (zero) otherwise.


Methodlow_peek

Elementlow_peek()

Description

Returns the Element on top of the heap (which is also the one with the smallest value in the heap) without removing it.

Returns

Returns the smallest Element on the heap if any, and UNDEFINED otherwise.

See also

peek(), low_pop(), pop()


Methodlow_pop

Elementlow_pop()

Description

Removes and returns the Element on top of the heap, which also is the smallest value in the heap.

Returns

Returns UNDEFINED if the heap is empty.

See also

pop(), peek(), push(), remove()


Methodpeek

ValueTypepeek()

Description

Returns the item on top of the heap (which is also the smallest value in the heap) without removing it.

Returns

Returns the smallest value on the heap if any, and UNDEFINED otherwise.

See also

low_peek(), pop()


Methodpop

ValueTypepop()

Description

Removes and returns the item on top of the heap, which also is the smallest value in the heap.

Throws

Throws an error if the heap is empty.

See also

low_pop(), peek(), push(), remove()


Methodpush

Elementpush(ValueType|Elementvalue)

Description

Push an element onto the heap. The heap will automatically sort itself so that the smallest value will be at the top.

Returns

Returns an element handle, which can be used with adjust() and remove().

Note

If value is a Heap.Element and already present on the heap this is equivalent to calling adjust().

See also

pop(), remove()


Methodremove

voidremove(ValueType|Elementvalue)

Description

Remove a value from the heap.

Parameter value

Value to remove.

See also

push(), pop()

Class ADT.Heap.Element (< ValueType >)

Description

Heap element.


GenericValueType

__generic__mixedValueType = ValueType


Variablevalue

ValueType ADT.Heap.Element.value


Method__create__

protectedlocalvoid__create__(ValueTypevalue)


Methodcreate

ADT.Heap.ElementADT.Heap.Element(ValueTypevalue)

Class ADT.History (< ValueType >)

Description

A history is a stack where you can only push entries. When the stack has reached a certain size the oldest entries are removed on every push. Other proposed names for this data type is leaking stack and table (where you push objects onto the table in one end and objects are falling off the table in the other.


GenericValueType

__generic__mixedValueType = mixed

Description

Type for the individual elements on the history stack.


Method_indices

array(int) indices(ADT.Historyarg)

Description

Returns the index numbers of the history entries available.


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.Historyarg)

Description

A sizeof operation on this object returns the number of elements currently in the history, e.g. <= the current max size.


Method_values

array(ValueType) values(ADT.Historyarg)

Description

Returns the values of the available history entries.


Method`[]

ValueType res = ADT.History()[ i ]

Description

Get a value from the history as if it was an array, e.g. both positive and negative numbers may be used. The positive numbers are however offset with 1, so [1] is the first entry in the history and [-1] is the last.


Method`[]=

ADT.History()[ i ] = value

Description

Overwrite one value in the history. The history position may be identified either by positive or negative offset, like `[].


Methodcreate

ADT.HistoryADT.History(int(0..)max_size)

Description

max_size is the maximum number of entries that can reside in the history at the same time.


Methodflush

voidflush()

Description

Empties the history. All entries in the history are removed, to allow garbage collect to remove them. The entry sequence counter is not reset.


Methodget_first_entry_num

intget_first_entry_num()

Description

Returns the absolute sequence number of the oldest result still in the history. Returns 0 if there are no results in the history.


Methodget_latest_entry_num

intget_latest_entry_num()

Description

Returns the absolute sequence number of the latest result inserted into the history.


Methodget_maxsize

intget_maxsize()

Description

Returns the maximum number of values in the history

See also

set_maxsize


Methodpush

voidpush(ValueTypevalue)

Description

Push a new value into the history.


Methodquery_no_adjacent_duplicates

boolquery_no_adjacent_duplicates()

Description

Tells if the History object allows adjacent equal values. 1 means that only uniqe values are allowed adter each other.

See also

set_no_adjacent_duplicates


Methodset_maxsize

voidset_maxsize(int_maxsize)

Description

Set the maximume number of entries that can be stored in the history simultaneous.

See also

get_maxsize


Methodset_no_adjacent_duplicates

voidset_no_adjacent_duplicates(booli)

Description

Change how the History object should treat two identical values in a row. If 1 than only unique values are allowed after each other.

See also

query_no_adjacent_duplicates

Class ADT.Interval (< RangeType >)


GenericRangeType

__generic__mixedRangeType = mixed

Description

Type for the limits of the interval.


Variablea
Variableb

Boundary ADT.Interval.a
Boundary ADT.Interval.b


Variablestart

RangeType ADT.Interval.start


Variablestop

RangeType ADT.Interval.stop


Method_sizeof

int|floatsizeof(ADT.Intervalarg)


Method_sprintf

stringsprintf(stringformat, ... ADT.Intervalarg ... )


Method`&

this_program|zero res = ADT.Interval() & i


Method`+

this_program res = ADT.Interval() + i


Method`-

this_program|zero res = ADT.Interval() - interval


Method`==

bool res = ADT.Interval() == i


Method`|

this_program res = ADT.Interval() | i


Methodbeginning

RangeTypebeginning()


Methodclone

this_programclone(mixed ... args)


Methodcontains

boolcontains(RangeType|this_programx)


Methodcreate

ADT.IntervalADT.Interval(RangeType|Boundarya, RangeType|Boundaryb)


Methodend

RangeTypeend()


Methodmax

Boundarymax(Boundarya, Boundaryb)


Methodmin

Boundarymin(Boundarya, Boundaryb)


Methodoverlaps

booloverlaps(this_programi)


Methodtouches

booltouches(this_programi)

Class ADT.Interval.Boundary (< RangeType >)


GenericRangeType

__generic__mixedRangeType = RangeType


Variableux

int ADT.Interval.Boundary.ux

Note

Read only


Variablex

RangeType ADT.Interval.Boundary.x


Method__create__

protectedlocalvoid__create__(RangeTypex)


Method_sprintf

stringsprintf(stringformat, ... ADT.Interval.Boundaryarg ... )


Method`-

RangeType res = ADT.Interval.Boundary() - b


Method`<

bool res = ADT.Interval.Boundary() < b


Method`>

bool res = ADT.Interval.Boundary() > b


Method`~

Boundary res = ~ADT.Interval.Boundary()


Methodcreate

ADT.Interval.BoundaryADT.Interval.Boundary(RangeTypex)


Methodunix_time

intunix_time()

Class ADT.Interval.Closed (< RangeType >)


GenericRangeType

__generic__mixedRangeType = RangeType


InheritBoundary

inherit Boundary(< RangeType >) : Boundary


Method_sprintf

stringsprintf(stringformat, ... ADT.Interval.Closedarg ... )


Method`==

bool res = ADT.Interval.Closed() == b


Method`~

Boundary res = ~ADT.Interval.Closed()


Methodoverlaps

booloverlaps(RangeType|Boundaryb)


Methodtouches

booltouches(RangeType|Boundaryb)

Class ADT.Interval.Open (< RangeType >)


GenericRangeType

__generic__mixedRangeType = RangeType


InheritBoundary

inherit Boundary(< RangeType >) : Boundary


Method_sprintf

stringsprintf(stringformat, ... ADT.Interval.Openarg ... )


Method`<

bool res = ADT.Interval.Open() < b


Method`==

bool res = ADT.Interval.Open() == b


Method`>

bool res = ADT.Interval.Open() > b


Method`~

Boundary res = ~ADT.Interval.Open()


Methodoverlaps

booloverlaps(RangeType|Boundaryb)


Methodtouches

booltouches(Boundaryb)

Class ADT.List

Description

Linked list of values.


Method_reverse

protectedList_reverse()

Description

Reverse the list.

See also

reverse()


Method_sizeof

int(0..)sizeof(ADT.Listarg)

Description

Returns the number of elements in the list.


Method_sprintf

stringsprintf(stringformat, ... ADT.Listarg ... )

Description

Describe the list.

See also

sprintf(), lfun::_sprintf()


Method_values

arrayvalues(ADT.Listarg)

Description

Returns an array of elements in the list.


Method`[]

mixed res = ADT.List()[ key ]


Methodappend

voidappend(mixed ... values)

Description

Append values to the end of the list.

See also

insert()


Methodcast

(array)ADT.List()

Description

Cast the lists. array is the only supported type.


Methodcreate

ADT.ListADT.List(mixed ... values)

Description

Create a new List, and initialize it with values.


Methodflush

voidflush()

Description

Empties the List.


Methodhead

mixedhead()

Description

Get the element at the head of the list.

Throws

Throws an error if the list is empty.

See also

is_empty(), tail(), pop()


Methodinsert

voidinsert(mixed ... values)

Description

Insert values at the front of the list.

See also

append()


Methodis_empty

boolis_empty()

Description

Check if the list is empty.

Returns

Returns 1 if the list is empty, and 0 (zero) if there are elements in the list.


Methodpop

mixedpop()

Description

Pop the element at the head of the list from the list.

Throws

Throws an error if the list is empty.

See also

is_empty(), head(), tail(), pop_back()


Methodpop_back

mixedpop_back()

Description

Pop the element at the tail of the list from the list.

Throws

Throws an error if the list is empty.

See also

is_empty(), head(), tail(), pop()


Methodtail

mixedtail()

Description

Get the element at the tail of the list.

Throws

Throws an error if the list is empty.

See also

is_empty(), head(), pop_back()

Class ADT.List._get_iterator

Description

Iterator that loops over the List.


Method_iterator_next

protectedmixed_iterator_next()

Description

Advance to the next element in the list.

Returns

Returns the new element on success, and UNDEFINED at the end of the list.

See also

prev()


Method_iterator_value

protectedmixed_iterator_value()

Returns

Returns the value at the current position.


Method`+=

ADT.List._get_iterator() += steps

Description

Advance or retrace the specified number of steps.

See also

next(), prev


Methodappend

voidappend(mixedval)

Description

Append val after the current position.

See also

insert(), delete(), set()


Methodcopy_iterator

_get_iteratorcopy_iterator()

Returns

Returns a copy of the iterator at its current position.


Methoddelete

voiddelete()

Description

Delete the current node.

The current position will advance to the next node. This function thus performes the reverse operation of insert().

See also

insert(), append(), set()


Methodfirst

boolfirst()

Description

Reset the iterator to point to the first element in the list.

Returns

Returns 1 if there are elements in the list, and 0 (zero) if the list is empty.


Methodinsert

voidinsert(mixedval)

Description

Insert val at the current position.

See also

append(), delete(), set()


Methodnext

boolnext()

Description

Advance to the next element in the list.

Returns

Returns 1 on success, and 0 (zero) at the end of the list.

See also

prev()


Methodprev

boolprev()

Description

Retrace to the previous element in the list.

Returns

Returns 1 on success, and 0 (zero) at the beginning of the list.

See also

next()


Methodset

voidset(mixedval)

Description

Set the value of the current position to val.

See also

insert(), append(), delete()


Methodvalue

mixedvalue()

Returns

Returns the value at the current position.

Class ADT.OrderedMapping (< IndexType, ValueType >)

Description

This class works pretty much as a mapping except the order of the indices is kept in the order they are added. This class works equivalent to the Map() class in Javascript.

Example
OrderedMapping m1 = OrderedMapping("foo", 1,"bar", 2);
m1->gazonk = 3;foreach(m1;string key;int val){
  write("# %s: %d\n", key, val);}/*
  output:
    # foo: 1
    # bar: 2
    # gazonk: 3
*/

m_delete(m1,"gazonk");

m1 += OrderedMapping("afoo", 3);foreach(m1;string key;int val){
  write("# %s: %d\n", key, val);}/*
  output:
    # foo: 1
    # bar: 2
    # afoo: 3
*/

GenericIndexType

__generic__mixedIndexType = mixed

Description

Type for the indices of the mapping.


GenericValueType

__generic__mixedValueType = mixed

Description

Type for the values of the mapping.


Methodcast

(mapping)ADT.OrderedMapping()
(array)ADT.OrderedMapping()

Description

Cast the object into various other types.

Note

This method can not be called on the object. A proper (cast) has to be done.

Parameter how
mapping

Will return a mapping. This will of course break the "orderness" of this object's indices.

array

Will return an array(array) where the inner array has two values where the first is the index and the second the value.

multiset

Will return the indices as a multiset

program

Will return the program the object was instantiated from.


Methodcreate

ADT.OrderedMappingADT.OrderedMapping(IndexType|ValueType ... args)

Example
ADT.OrderedMapping m1 =ADT.OrderedMapping("key1","val1","key2","val2");
Throws

An error is thrown if the number of arguments isn't even.

Parameter args

Odd arguments are the indices, even arguments the values. "index", "value", "index", "value", ... 


Methodcreate

ADT.OrderedMappingADT.OrderedMapping(array(IndexType) keys, array(ValueType) values)

Example
ADT.OrderedMapping m1 =ADT.OrderedMapping(({"key1","key2"}),({"val1","val2"}));
Throws

And error is thrown if the size of the keys and values doens't match.

Parameter keys
Parameter values

Class ADT.Priority_queue (< ValueType >)

Description

This class implements a priority queue. Each element in the priority queue is assigned a priority value, and the priority queue always remains sorted in increasing order of the priority values. The top of the priority queue always holds the element with the smallest priority. The priority queue is realized as a (min-)heap.


GenericValueType

__generic__mixedValueType = mixed

Description

Type for the individual elements in the queue.


InheritHeap

inherit .Heap(< ValueType >) : Heap


Methodadjust_pri

voidadjust_pri(elemhandle, int|floatnew_pri)

Description

Adjust the priority value new_pri of an element handle in the priority queue. The priority queue will automatically sort itself so that the element with the smallest priority value will be at the top.


Methodpeek

ValueTypepeek()

Description

Returns the item on top of the priority queue (which is also the element with the smallest priority value) without removing it.


Methodpop

ValueTypepop()

Description

Removes and returns the item on top of the heap, which also is the smallest value in the heap.


Methodpush

elempush(int|floatpri, ValueTypeval)

Description

Push an element val into the priority queue and assign a priority value pri to it. The priority queue will automatically sort itself so that the element with the smallest priority will be at the top.

Class ADT.Queue (< ValueType >)

Description

A simple FIFO queue.


GenericValueType

__generic__mixedValueType = mixed

Description

Type for the individual elements in the queue.


Methodcast

(array(ValueType))ADT.Queue()

Description

It is possible to cast ADT.Queue to an array.


Methodcreate

ADT.QueueADT.Queue(ValueType ... args)

Description

Creates a queue with the initial items args in it.


Methodflush

voidflush()

Description

Empties the queue.


Methodget

ValueTypeget()

Description

Returns the next element from the queue, or UNDEFINED if the queue is empty.

See also

peek(), put()


Methodis_empty

boolis_empty()

Description

Returns true if the queue is empty, otherwise zero.


Methodpeek

ValueType|zeropeek()

Description

Returns the next element from the queue without removing it from the queue. Returns UNDEFINED if the queue is empty.

Note

Prior to Pike 9.0 this function returned a plain 0 when the queue was empty.

See also

get(), put()


Methodput

voidput(ValueType ... items)

Description

Adds items to the queue.

See also

get(), peek()


Methodread

__deprecated__ValueTyperead()

Deprecated

Replaced by get.


Methodwrite

__deprecated__voidwrite(ValueType ... items)

Deprecated

Replaced by put.

Class ADT.Scheduler

Description

This class implements a quantized resource scheduler.

Weighted consumers are added to the scheduler with add(), which returns a Consumer object.

When there's some of the resource available to be consumed the resource owner calls get(), which returns the Consumer that is to use the resource. Consumer()->consume() is then called with the fraction of the quanta that was consumed (typically 1.0). The amount of resources allocated to a consumer is proportional to the weight of the consumer.

A consumer may be temporarily deactivated (in which case it won't be returned by get(), but still retain its share of the resource which will be provided later by get() when it has been reactivated.


InheritHeap

protected inherit .Heap : Heap


Methodadd

Consumeradd(Consumerc)

Description

(Re-)activate a Consumer.


Methodadd

variantConsumeradd(int|floatweight, mixedval)

Description

Create a Consumer with the weight weight for the value val, and add it to the Scheduler.


Methodadjust_weight

voidadjust_weight(Consumerc, intnew_weight)

Description

Adjust the weight value new_weight of the Consumerc in the scheduling table.


Methodget

Consumerget()

Description

Returns the next Consumer to consume some of the resource.

Returns

Returns a Consumer if there are any active Consumers and UNDEFINED otherwise.

Note

The same Consumer will be returned until it has either consumed some of the resource, been removed or another Consumer with lower priority has been added.


Methodremove

voidremove(Consumerc)

Description

Remove the Consumerc from the set of active consumers.

The consumer may be reactivated by calling add().

Enum ADT.Scheduler.ConsumerState


ConstantSTATE_ACTIVE

constant ADT.Scheduler.STATE_ACTIVE

Class ADT.Scheduler.Consumer

Description

A resource consumer.

Active consumers are kept in a (min-)Heap.


InheritElement

inherit Element : Element


Variablepri

float ADT.Scheduler.Consumer.pri

Description

Accumulated deltas and initial priority.

Typically in the range 0.0 .. 2.0, but may temporarily be outside of the range.


Variableweight

void ADT.Scheduler.Consumer.weight

Description

Getting

Get the weight of the consumer.

Setting

Get the weight of the consumer.


Methodconsume

voidconsume(floatdelta)

Description

Consume some of the resource.

Parameter delta

Share of the resource quanta that was actually consumed. Typically 1.0, but other values are supported.

This causes the consumer to be reprioritized.


Methodcreate

ADT.Scheduler.ConsumerADT.Scheduler.Consumer(int|floatweight, mixedv)

Class ADT.Sequence

Description

The sequence work similar to an array but has the possibility to insert and remove elements. It also has a more powerful iterator.


Method_equal

boolequal(ADT.Sequencefrom, mixedcoll)

Returns

Returns true if the object coll is a Sequence and contains the same values in the same order.


Method_get_iterator

ADT.Sequencea;
foreach( a; index; value ) or
SequenceIterator_get_iterator(void|intind)

Description

Create and initiate a new SequenceIterator that could be used to iterate over this sequence.

Parameter ind

If an ind value is supplied the iterator will be positioned at that index.

Returns

An iterator.


Method_indices

arrayindices(ADT.Sequencearg)

Returns

The indices in this sequence as an array.


Method_insert_element

void_insert_element(intindex, mixedvalue)

Description

Insert an element in the sequence at the position index, the value at the position index and all above will have their index increased by one.

Parameter index

The index to insert the value at.

Parameter value

The new value.


Method_remove_element

mixed_remove_element(intindex)

Description

Remove the values at index index from the sequence.

Parameter index

The index to remove.

Returns

The removed value.


Method_search

intsearch(ADT.Sequencefrom, mixedvalue, void|intstart)

Description

Search the sequence for a specific value. Return the index of the first value that is equal to value. If no value was found UNDEFINED is returned instead.

Parameter value

The value to find.

Parameter start

If a start value is supplied it will start searching at the index start.

Returns

Returns the index of the found value or UNDEFINED.


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.Sequencearg)

Returns

The number of elements in this sequence.


Method_values

arrayvalues(ADT.Sequencearg)

Returns

The values in this sequence as an array.


Method`&

Sequence res = ADT.Sequence() & coll

Description

And operator Perform an and on this sequence and the coll sequence by only returning those values that is present in both sequences as a new Sequence. The remaining values is in the same order as they are in this sequence and the values are compared using `==.

Parameter coll

The sequence to and to this sequence.

Returns

The result of the and as a new Sequence.


Method`+

Sequence res = ADT.Sequence() + coll

Description

Addition operator

Append the content of @coll to this sequence and return the results as a new Sequence.

Parameter coll

The sequences to append to this sequence.

Returns

The result of the append as a new Sequence.


Method`-

Sequence res = ADT.Sequence() - coll

Description

Subtraction operator

Removes those values in this sequence that also are present in @coll and return the results as a new Sequence.

Parameter coll

The sequence to subtract from this sequence.

Returns

The result of the subtraction as a new Sequence.


Method`[]

mixed res = ADT.Sequence()[ index ]

Description

Index operator.

Parameter index

The index to get the value for, could be negative to index from the end.

Returns

The value at the index index.

Throws

An error if the index is out of range.


Method`[]=

ADT.Sequence()[ index ] = value

Description

Index assign operator. Set the value at the index index to be value.

Parameter index

The index to set.

Parameter value

The new value.

Returns

The new value at the index index.


Method`^

Sequence res = ADT.Sequence() ^ coll

Description

Xor operator Perform a xor on this sequence and the coll sequence by returning those values that is present in one of the sequences but not in both sequences as a new Sequence. The values are compared using `==.

Parameter coll

The sequence to xor with this sequence.

Returns

The result of the xor as a new Sequence.


Method`|

Sequence res = ADT.Sequence() | coll

Description

Or operator Perform an or on this sequence and the coll sequence by returning those values that is present in both sequences as a new Sequence. The values are compared using `==.

Parameter coll

The sequence to or with this sequence.

Returns

The result of the or as a new Sequence.


Methodadd

voidadd(mixedvalue)

Description

Add a value at the end of the sequence.

Parameter value

The value to add.


Methodcast

(array)ADT.Sequence()

Description

Cast operator.

Parameter type

Casts to this type.

Casts to the following types are supported:

"array"

Cast the content of this sequence to an array.

Returns

An array with the contents of this sequence.


Methodclear

voidclear()

Description

Clear the contents of the sequence.


Methodcreate

ADT.SequenceADT.Sequence(array|intarg)

Description

Creates a new Sequence around the array arg or a new Sequence with the size of arg.


Methoddelete_value

intdelete_value(mixedvalue)

Description

Remove the first occurrence of the value value from the sequence.

Parameter value

The value to remove from the sequence.

Returns

The index of the removed element or -1 if there was no value to remove.


Methodfirst

SequenceIteratorfirst()

Description

Create and initiate a new SequenceIterator that could be used to iterate over this sequence.

Returns

An iterator positioned at the first element in the sequence.


Methodis_empty

boolis_empty()

Returns

Returns 1 if the sequence is empty otherwise 0.


Methodlast

SequenceIteratorlast()

Description

Create and initiate a new SequenceIterator that could be used to iterate over this sequence.

Returns

An iterator positioned after the last element in the sequence.


Methodmax_size

intmax_size()

Returns

Returns -1.

Class ADT.Sequence.SequenceIterator

Description

This is the iterator for the Sequence. It implements the IndexIterator and the OutputIterator


Method_equal

boolequal(ADT.Sequence.SequenceIteratorfrom, mixediter)

Description

Compare this iterator with another iterator.

Parameter iter

The iterator to compare with.

Returns

Returns true if both iterators iterates over the same objects and are positioned at the same spot.


Method_iterator_index

int_iterator_index()

Returns

The index at the current position.


Method_iterator_next

int_iterator_next()

Description

Advance to the next position in the sequence.

Returns

Returns the new position, or UNDEFINED if the end of the sequence is reached.

Note

Calling this function when the end of the sequence has already been reached restarts the iterator at the first element of the sequence (if any).


Method_iterator_value

mixed_iterator_value()

Returns

The value at the current position.


Method`+

SequenceIterator res = ADT.Sequence.SequenceIterator() + steps

Description

Move the iterator steps steps forward (negative value on steps will cause the iterator to move backwards) and return the result as a new iterator.

Returns

A new iterator positioned steps steps forward.


Method`+=

ADT.Sequence.SequenceIterator() += steps

Description

Move this iterator steps steps forward (negative value on steps will cause the iterator to move backwards) and return the result.

Returns

This iterator positioned steps steps forward.


Method`-

SequenceIterator res = ADT.Sequence.SequenceIterator() - steps

Description

Move the iterator steps steps backwards (negative value on steps will cause the iterator to move forwards) and return the result as a new iterator.

Returns

A new iterator positioned steps steps backwards.


Method`<

bool res = ADT.Sequence.SequenceIterator() < iter

Description

Less then operator.

Returns

Returns true if this iterator has a lower index then iter.


Method`>

bool res = ADT.Sequence.SequenceIterator() > iter

Description

Greater then operator.

Returns

Returns true if this iterator is at a higher index than iter.


Methodcreate

ADT.Sequence.SequenceIteratorADT.Sequence.SequenceIterator(objectsequence, void|intstart)

Description

Creates a new iterator for the sequence sequence. If start is supplied it will try to position the iterator so that the next iteration starts at start.


Methoddistance

intdistance(objectiter)

Parameter iter

The iterator to measure the distance to.

Returns

Returns distance between this iterator and iter.

Throws

An error if the two iterator could not be compared.


Methodget_collection

Sequenceget_collection()

Returns

Returns the Sequence this iterator currently iterates over.


Methodhas_next

boolhas_next(void|intsteps)

Returns

Returns true if it is possible to move steps steps forwards, if steps is not supplied it checks if it is possible to move one step forward.


Methodhas_previous

boolhas_previous(void|intsteps)

Returns

Returns true if it is possible to move steps steps backwards, if steps is not supplied it checks if it is possible to move one step backward.


Methodset_value

mixedset_value(mixedval)

Description

Set the value at the current position.

Parameter val

The new value.

Returns

Returns the old value.

Class ADT.Set (< ValueType >)

Description

ADT.Set implements a datatype for sets. These sets behave much like multisets, except that they are restricted to containing only one instance of each member value.

From a performance viewpoint, it is probably more efficient for a Pike program to use mappings to serve as sets, rather than using an ADT.Set,so ADT.Set is mainly provided for the sake of completeness and code readability.


GenericValueType

__generic__mixedValueType = mixed

Description

Type for the individual members of the set.


Method_indices

array(ValueType) indices(ADT.Setarg)

Description

In analogy with multisets, indices() of an ADT.Set givess an array containing all members of the set.


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.Setarg)

Description

Number of items in the set.


Method_sprintf

stringsprintf(stringformat, ... ADT.Setarg ... )

Description

Printable representation of the set.


Method_values

array(int(1..)) values(ADT.Setarg)

Description

In analogy with multisets, values() of an ADT.Set givess an array indicating the number of occurrences in the set for each position in the member array returned by indices(). (Most of the time, this is probably rather useless for sets, since the result is an array which just contain 1's, one for each member of the set. Still, this function is provided for consistency.


Method`&

this_program res = ADT.Set() & other

Description

Intersection. Returns a set containing those values that were present in both the operand sets.


Method`-

this_program res = ADT.Set() - other

Description

Difference. The expression 'A - B', where A and B are sets, returns all elements in A that are not also present in B.


Method`<

bool res = ADT.Set() < other

Description

True subset. A < B returns true if each item in A is also present in B, and B contains at least one item not present in A.


Method`==

bool res = ADT.Set() == other

Description

Equality. A == B returns true if all items in A are present in B, and all items in B are present in A. Otherwise, it returns false.


Method`>

bool res = ADT.Set() > other

Description

True superset. A > B returns true if each item in B is also present in A, and A contains at least one item not present in B.i


Method`[]

bool res = ADT.Set()[ item ]

Description

Indexing a set with a value V gives 1 if V is a member of the set, otherwise 0.


Method`[]=

ADT.Set()[ item ] = value

Description

Setting an index V to 0 removes V from the set. Setting it to a non-0 value adds V as a member of the set.


Method`|

this_program res = ADT.Set() | other

Description

Union. Returns a set containing all elements present in either or both of the operand sets.


Methodadd

voidadd(ValueType ... items)

Description

Add items to the set.


Methodcast

(array(ValueType))ADT.Set()

Description

An ADT.Set can be cast to an array or a multiset.


Methodcontains

boolcontains(ValueTypeitem)

Description

Check whether a value is a member of the set.


Methodcreate

ADT.SetADT.Set(void|ADT.Set|array(ValueType)|multiset(ValueType)|mapping(ValueType:mixed) initial_data)

Description

Create an ADT.Set, optionally initialized from another ADT.Set or a compatible type. If no initial data is given, the set will start out empty.


Methodfilter

this_programfilter(function(ValueType:mixed) f)

Description

Return a filtered version of the set, containing only those members for which the filtering function f returned true.

The filtering function is called with a single mixed-type argument which is the member value to be checked.


Methodfilter_destructively

this_programfilter_destructively(function(ValueType:mixed) f)

Description

Destructively filter the set, i.e. remove every element for which the filtering function f returns 0, and then return the set.

The filtering function is called with a single mixed-type argument which is the member value to be checked.

Note

CAVEAT EMPTOR: This function was just a duplicate of filter() in Pike 8.0 and earlier.


Methodis_empty

boolis_empty()

Description

Returns 1 if the set is empty, otherwise 0.


Methodmap

array(mixed) map(function(ValueType:mixed) f)

Description

Map the values of a set: calls the map function f once for each member of the set, returning an array which contains the result of each one of those function calls. Note that since a set isn't ordered, the values in the returned array will be in more or less random order. If you need to know which member value produced which result, you have to make that a part of what the filtering function returns.

The filtering function f is called with a single, mixed-type argument which is the member value to be mapped.


Methodremove

voidremove(ValueType ... items)

Description

Remove items from the set.


Methodreset

voidreset()

Description

Remove all items from the set.


Methodsubset

boolsubset(ADT.Setother)

Description

Subset. A <= B returns true if all items in A are also present in B.


Methodsuperset

boolsuperset(ADT.Setother)

Description

Superset. A >= B returns true if all items in B are also present in A.

Class ADT.Stack (< ElementType >)

Description

This class implements a simple stack. Instead of adding and removing elements to an array, and thus making it vary in size for every push and pop operation, this stack tries to keep the stack size constant. If however the stack risks to overflow, it will allocate double its current size, i.e. pushing an element on an full 32 slot stack will result in a 64 slot stack with 33 elements.


GenericElementType

__generic__mixedElementType = mixed

Description

Type for the elements on the stack.


Method_search

intsearch(ADT.Stackfrom, mixeditem)

Description

Return the stack-depth to item.

This function makes it possible to use eg search() and has_value() on the stack.


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.Stackarg)

Description

sizeof on a stack returns the number of entries in the stack.


Method_values

array(ElementType) values(ADT.Stackarg)

Description

values on a stack returns all the entries in the stack, in order.


Method`+

this_program res = ADT.Stack() + s

Description

A stack added with another stack yields a new stack with all the elements from both stacks, and the elements from the second stack at the top of the new stack.


Methodcreate

ADT.StackADT.Stack(int(1..)|voidinitial_size)

Description

An initial stack size can be given when a stack is cloned. The default value is 32.


Methodpeek

ElementTypepeek(int|voidoffset)

Description

Returns an element from the stack, without popping it.

Parameter offset

The number of elements from the top of the stack to skip.

Throws

Throws an error if called on an empty stack.

See also

top()


Methodpop

ElementTypepop(void|intval)

Description

Pops and returns entry val from the stack, counting from the top. If no value is given the top element is popped and returned. All popped entries are freed from the stack.


Methodpop_to

voidpop_to(intdepth)

Description

Pops entries from the stack until the specified depth is reached. The popped entries are not actually freed, only the stack pointer is moved.


Methodpush

voidpush(ElementTypeval)

Description

Push an element on the top of the stack.


Methodquick_pop

voidquick_pop(void|intval)

Description

Pops val entries from the stack, or one entry if no value is given. The popped entries are not actually freed, only the stack pointer is moved.


Methodreset

voidreset(int(1..)|voidinitial_size)

Description

Empties the stack, resets the stack pointer and shrinks the stack size to the given value or 32 if none is given.

See also

create


Methodset_stack

voidset_stack(array(ElementType) stack)

Description

Sets the stacks content to the provided array.


Methodtop

ElementTypetop()

Description

Returns the top element from the stack, without popping it.

Throws

Throws an error if called on an empty stack.

See also

peek()

Class ADT.Struct

Description

Implements a struct which can be used for serialization and deserialization of data.

Example

class ID3 { inherit ADT.Struct; Item head = Chars(3); Item title = Chars(30); Item artist = Chars(30); Item album = Chars(30); Item year = Chars(4); Item comment = Chars(30); Item genre = Byte(); }

Stdio.File f = Stdio.File("foo.mp3"); f->seek(-128); ADT.Struct tag = ID3(f); if(tag->head=="TAG") { write("Title: %s\n", tag->title); tag->title = "A new title" + "\0"*19; f->seek(-128); f->write( (string)tag ); }

Example

class HollerithString { inherit ADT.Struct; Item strlen = Word(); Item str = Chars(strlen); }


Method_indices

array(string) indices(ADT.Structarg)

Description

The indices of a struct is the name of the struct items.


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.Structarg)

Description

The size of the struct object is the number of bytes allocated for the struct.


Method_values

arrayvalues(ADT.Structarg)

Description

The values of a struct is the values of the struct items.


Method`[]
Method`->

mixed res = ADT.Struct()[ item ]
mixed res = ADT.Struct()->X

Description

The struct can be indexed by item name to get the associated value.


Method`[]=
Method`->=

ADT.Struct()[ item ] = y
ADT.Struct()->X = y

Description

It is possible to assign a new value to a struct item by indexing it by name and assign a value.


Methodcast

(int)ADT.Struct()
(float)ADT.Struct()
(string)ADT.Struct()
(array)ADT.Struct()
(mapping)ADT.Struct()
(multiset)ADT.Struct()

Description

The struct can be casted into a string, which is eqivivalent to running encode, or into an array. When casted into an array each array element is the encoded value of that struct item.


Methodcreate

ADT.StructADT.Struct(void|string|Stdio.Filedata)

Parameter data

Data to be decoded and populate the struct. Can either be a file object or a string.


Methoddecode

voiddecode(string|Stdio.Filedata)

Description

Decodes data according to the struct and populates the struct variables. The data can either be a file object or a string.


Methodencode

stringencode()

Description

Serializes the struct into a string. This string is equal to the string fed to decode if nothing in the struct has been altered.

Class ADT.Struct.Byte

Description

One byte, integer value between 0 and 255.


InheritItem

inherit Item : Item


Methodcreate

ADT.Struct.ByteADT.Struct.Byte(int(8bit)|voidinitial_value)

Description

The byte can be initialized with an optional value.

Class ADT.Struct.Chars

Description

A string of bytes.


InheritItem

inherit Item : Item


Methodcreate

ADT.Struct.CharsADT.Struct.Chars(int|Itemsize, void|stringvalue)

Description

size is the number of bytes that are part of this struct item, or optionally an earlier Item that will be looked up in runtime. The initial value of the char string is value or, if not provided, a string of zero bytes.

Class ADT.Struct.Drow

Description

One word (2 bytes) in intel order, integer value between 0 and 65535.

See also

Word


InheritWord

inherit Word : Word

Class ADT.Struct.Gnol

Description

One longword (4 bytes) in intel order, integer value between 0 and 2^32.

See also

Long


InheritDrow

inherit Drow : Drow


Methodcreate

ADT.Struct.GnolADT.Struct.Gnol(int(0..)|voidinitial_value)

Description

The longword can be initialized with an optional value.

Class ADT.Struct.Item

Description

Interface class for struct items.

Class ADT.Struct.Long

Description

One longword (4 bytes) in network order, integer value between 0 and 2^32.

See also

Gnol


InheritWord

inherit Word : Word


Methodcreate

ADT.Struct.LongADT.Struct.Long(int(0..)|voidinitial_value)

Description

The longword can be initialized with an optional value.

Class ADT.Struct.SByte

Description

One byte, signed integer value between -128 and 127.


InheritItem

inherit Item : Item


Methodcreate

ADT.Struct.SByteADT.Struct.SByte(int(-128..127)|voidinitial_value)

Description

The byte can be initialized with an optional value.

Class ADT.Struct.SLong

Description

One longword (4 bytes) in network order, signed integer value -(2^31) <= x < 2^31-1.


InheritSWord

inherit SWord : SWord


Methodcreate

ADT.Struct.SLongADT.Struct.SLong(int|voidinitial_value)

Description

The longword can be initialized with an optional value.

Class ADT.Struct.SWord

Description

One word (2 bytes) in network order, signed integer value between 0 and 65535.


InheritItem

inherit Item : Item


Methodcreate

ADT.Struct.SWordADT.Struct.SWord(int(-32768..32767)|voidinitial_value)

Description

The word can be initialized with an optional value.

Class ADT.Struct.Word

Description

One word (2 bytes) in network order, integer value between 0 and 65535.

See also

Drow


InheritItem

inherit Item : Item


Methodcreate

ADT.Struct.WordADT.Struct.Word(int(16bit)|voidinitial_value)

Description

The word can be initialized with an optional value.

Class ADT.Struct.int16

Description

Alias for SWord


InheritSWord

inherit SWord : SWord

Class ADT.Struct.int32

Description

Alias for SLong


InheritSLong

inherit SLong : SLong

Class ADT.Struct.int64

Description

64 bit signed integer.


InheritSLong

inherit SLong : SLong

Class ADT.Struct.int8

Description

Alias for SByte


InheritSByte

inherit SByte : SByte

Class ADT.Struct.uint16

Description

Alias for Word


InheritWord

inherit Word : Word

Class ADT.Struct.uint32

Description

Alias for Long


InheritLong

inherit Long : Long

Class ADT.Struct.uint64

Description

64 bit unsigned integer.


InheritLong

inherit Long : Long

Class ADT.Struct.uint8

Description

Alias for Byte


InheritByte

inherit Byte : Byte

Class ADT.TreeScheduler

Description

This class implements an hierarchial quantized resource scheduler.

It differs from Scheduler by the [Consumer]s making up a dependency tree.

Active consumers closer to the root will receive the resource before their children.

Implements most of RFC 7540 section 5.3.

See also

Scheduler


InheritScheduler

inherit .Scheduler : Scheduler


Variableroot

Consumer|zero ADT.TreeScheduler.root

Description

The root of the Customer dependency tree.

Note

Note that the root is never active (ie added to the Scheduler).

Customers that don't have an explicit dependency depend on root.


Methodadd

variantConsumeradd(int|floatweight, mixedval, Consumerparent)

Description

Create a Consumer depending on parent with the weight weight for the value val, and add it to the Scheduler.

Class ADT.TreeScheduler.Consumer

Description

A resource consumer.

All consumers (both active and inactive) are nodes in a dependency tree. This means that to avoid excessive garbage detach() must be called in consumers that are no longer to be used.

Active consumers are kept in a (min-)Heap.


Inheritthis_program

inherit ::this_program : this_program


Variablechildren

array(Consumer) ADT.TreeScheduler.Consumer.children

Description

Consumers that depend on us.


Variableparent

Consumer|zero ADT.TreeScheduler.Consumer.parent

Description

Consumer that we depend on.


Methodcreate

ADT.TreeScheduler.ConsumerADT.TreeScheduler.Consumer(int|floatweight, mixedv, Consumer|voidparent)


Methoddetach

voiddetach()

Description

Detach from the tree.

Any children are moved to our parent and their weights adjusted to keep their priorities.

Note

If the consumer was active it will be deactivated.


Methodreparent_siblings

voidreparent_siblings()

Description

Reparent all sibling Consumers, so that we become the only child of our parent.

See also

set_parent()


Methodset_parent

voidset_parent(Consumernew_parent, int|floatweight)

Description

Change to a new parent.

Parameter new_parent

Consumer this object depends on. We will only get returned by get() when new_parent is inactive (ie removed).

Parameter weight

New weight.

Note

If new_parent depends on us, it will be moved to take our place in depending on our old parent.

Note

To perform the exclusive mode reparent from RFC 7540 figure 5, call reparent_siblings() after this function.

See also

detach(), remove(), create(), reparent_siblings()


Methodupdate_quanta

voidupdate_quanta()

Description

Update the cached quanta value.

This function should be called whenever our weight or that of our siblings has changed.

Class ADT.struct

Description

String buffer with the possibility to read and write data as they would be formatted in structs.

Deprecated

Replaced by Stdio.Buffer.


InheritBuffer

inherit Stdio.Buffer : Buffer


Methodadd_data

this_programadd_data(string(8bit)s)

Description

Adds the data s verbatim to the end of the buffer.


Methodcontents

string(8bit)contents()

Description

Trims the buffer to only contain the data after the read pointer and returns the contents of the buffer.


Methodcreate

ADT.structADT.struct(void|string(8bit)s)

Description

Create a new buffer, optionally initialized with the value s.


Methodget_bignum

Gmp.mpzget_bignum(int(1..)|voidlen)

Description

Reads a bignum written by put_bignum from the buffer.


Methodget_fix_string

string(8bit)get_fix_string(intlen)

Description

Reads a fixed sized string of length len from the buffer.


Methodget_fix_uint_array

array(int) get_fix_uint_array(int(8bit)item_size, intsize)

Description

Reads an array of integers as written by put_fix_uint_array from the buffer.


Methodget_rest

string(8bit)get_rest()

Description

Get the remaining data from the buffer and clears the buffer.


Methodget_uint

int(0..)get_uint(int(0..)len)

Description

Reads an unsigned integer from the buffer.


Methodget_var_string

string(8bit)get_var_string(int(0..)len)

Description

Reads a string written by put_var_string from the buffer.


Methodget_var_uint_array

array(int) get_var_uint_array(int(8bit)item_size, int(0..)len)

Description

Reads an array of integers as written by put_var_uint_array from the buffer.


Methodis_empty

boolis_empty()

Description

Returns one if there is any more data to read.


Methodpop_data

string(8bit)pop_data()

Description

Return all the data in the buffer and empties it.


Methodput_bignum

this_programput_bignum(Gmp.mpzi, int(1..)|voidlen_width)

Description

Appends a bignum i as a variable string preceded with an unsigned integer of the size len_width declaring the length of the string. len_width defaults to 2.


Methodput_fix_string

this_programput_fix_string(string(8bit)s)

Description

Appends the fix sized string s to the buffer.


Methodput_fix_uint_array

this_programput_fix_uint_array(array(int) data, int(8bit)item_size)

Description

Appends an array of unsigned integers of width item_size to the buffer.


Methodput_uint

this_programput_uint(inti, int(0..)len)

Description

Appends an unsigned integer in network order to the buffer.

Parameter i

Unsigned integer to append.

Parameter len

Length of integer in bytes.


Methodput_var_string

this_programput_var_string(string(8bit)s, int(0..)len_width)

Description

Appends a variable string s preceded with an unsigned integer of the size len_width declaring the length of the string. The string s should be 8 bits wide.


Methodput_var_string_array

this_programput_var_string_array(array(string(8bit)) data, int(0..)item_size, int(0..)len)

Description

Appends an array of variable length strings with item_size bytes hollerith coding, prefixed by a len bytes large integer declaring the total size of the array in bytes.


Methodput_var_uint_array

this_programput_var_uint_array(array(int) data, int(8bit)item_size, int(0..)len)

Description

Appends an array of unsigned integers of width item_size to the buffer, preceded with an unsigned integer len declaring the size of the array in bytes.

Module ADT.CritBit

Description

This module offers CritBit tree implementations for different key types.

Note

These CritBit trees support prefixes as proper keys. Hence they should really be called Tries.


MethodTree

objectTree(void|string|program|mappingtype)

Description

Creates a CritBit tree for keys of type type. If no argument is given, an instance of ADT.CritBit.StringTree is returned. Supported types are "string", "int", "float", "ipv4" and Calendar.TimeRange.


Methodsort_ipv4

array(string) sort_ipv4(array(string) a, array ... data)

Description

Sorts an ARRAY OF IPv4-Adresses (and optional netmasks) given in dotted decimal representation with the /23 netmask notation.

Example
>array(string) a =({"127.0.0.121",>"127.0.0.0/16",>"127.0.0.1/8",>"127.0.0.0/8",>"128.0.0.0/1",>"192.168.21.3",>"8.8.8.8"});> write("%O\n", CritBit.sort_ipv4(a));({/* 7 elements */"8.8.8.8","127.0.0.0/8","127.0.0.0/16","127.0.0.1/8","127.0.0.121","128.0.0.0/1","192.168.21.3"})

Class ADT.CritBit.DateTree


InheritIntTree

inherit IntTree : IntTree


Methodcopy

this_programcopy()

Description

Copy callback to also clone backwards


Methoddecode_key

int|objectdecode_key(inti)

Description

Decodes an integer back to a Calendar.TimeRange object. Keeps a mapping of all keys stored in the tree to transform back.


Methodencode_key

intencode_key(object|into)

Description

Encodes a Calendar.TimeRange object into unix timestanp.

Class ADT.CritBit.FloatTree

Description

This class implements a CritBit-tree/trie that can be used as a mapping-like data structure. Values of float|int can be used as indices, while any possible type (also mixed) can be stored.

CritBit trees are prefixed based search trees that allow for fast random access as well as prefix and range based lookups. Keys are stored in alphabetical order and can be iterated over using foreach. Other than that, it can be used like mapping(float|int:mixed).

Example
ADT.CritBit.FloatTree tree =ADT.CritBit.FloatTree();float|int key1 = 12.0;
tree[key1]=({ 4, 5, 6 });
tree[key1];// now is ({ 4, 5, 6 })
m_delete(tree, key1);// tree is empty again
Example
ADT.CritBit.FloatTree tree =ADT.CritBit.FloatTree();array(float|int) a =({ 80.4, 99.9, 14.2 });foreach(a;int idx;float|int val){
	tree[val]= idx;}foreach(tree;float|int key;mixed val){// in here the keys will be reached in order 14.2, 80.4 and 99.9.}
Example
ADT.CritBit.FloatTree tree =ADT.CritBit.FloatTree();array(float|int) a =({ 80.4, 99.9, 14.2 });foreach(a;int idx;float|int val){
	tree[val]= idx;}foreach(ADT.CritBit.FloatTree.Iterator (tree,-1);float|int key;mixed val){// in here the keys will be reached in order 99.9, 80.4 and 14.2.}
See also

ADT.CritBit.FloatTree.Iterator


Method_equal

boolequal(ADT.CritBit.FloatTreefrom, mixedo)


Method_indices

arrayindices(ADT.CritBit.FloatTreearg)

Description

Returns a sorted array of indices of the FloatTree.


Method_m_delete

mixedm_delete(ADT.CritBit.FloatTreefrom, mixedkey)

Description

m_delete callback.


Method_random

arrayrandom(ADT.CritBit.FloatTreearg)

Description

Get a random entry.

Returns

An array ({ key, value }).


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.CritBit.FloatTreearg)

Description

Gives the number of entries in the FloatTree.


Method_values

arrayvalues(ADT.CritBit.FloatTreearg)

Description

Returns an array of values of the FloatTree object. The returned array matches _indices so that mkmapping(indices(tree), values(tree)) would create a mapping with the same contents as this FloatTree.


Method`+

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.FloatTree() + o

Description

Add callback. Returns the union of two trees.


Method`-

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.FloatTree() - o

Description

Sub[s]tract two trees from each other (key-wise).


Method`[..]

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.FloatTree()[start..end]

See also

predef::`[..]


Method`[]

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.FloatTree()[ key ]


Method`[]=

ADT.CritBit.FloatTree()[ key ] = val


Methodbkey

stringbkey(mixedkey)

Description

Render the internally used binary representation of the key into a string as a strings of '0's and '1's.


Methodcast

(mapping)ADT.CritBit.FloatTree()

Description

Cast callback. Supports only cast to mapping and behaves as the inverse of create().


Methodcopy

FloatTreecopy()

Description

Create a copy of the tree.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.FloatTreeADT.CritBit.FloatTree(array|mapping|voido)

Description

Create a FloatTree from o.


Methodencode_key
Methoddecode_key

float|intencode_key(mixedo)
mixeddecode_key(float|into)

Description

These callbacks can be implemented when inheriting FloatTree in order to allow for arbitrary key types. encode_key is similar to the lfun::_hash() callback. This only works as expected when it is possible to implement a unique representation for keys. These callbacks are called everytime a key is stored or indexed in the tree.


Methoddepth

int(0..)depth()

Description

Calculate the depth of the tree.


Methodfirst

float|intfirst()

Description

Get the lexicographically first index in the tree.


Methodget_subtree

FloatTreeget_subtree(void|mixedkey)

Description

Get a copy of the subtree starting at prefix key.


Methodlast

float|intlast()

Description

Get the lexicographically last index in the tree.


Methodnext

float|intnext(mixedcurrent)

Description

Get the key after current in lexicographical order.


Methodnth

mixednth(int(0..)n)

Description

Get the nth entry in order.

Returns

An array ({ key, value }).


Methodprevious

float|intprevious(mixedcurrent)

Description

Get the key before current in lexicographical order.

Class ADT.CritBit.FloatTree._get_iterator

Description

Iterator class for FloatTree trees. Supports iterating over ranges with arbitrary stepping and direction.

This is used by default when calling foreach on an object of FloatTree. In foreach the iterator runs over all elements from the first to the last.

See also

predef::Iterator for a description of the interface.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.FloatTree._get_iteratorADT.CritBit.FloatTree._get_iterator(void|intstep, void|mixedstart, void|mixedstop)

Description

Returns an iterator object that runs from start to stop using a stepsize of step. The arguments default to 1, tree->first() and tree->last(), respectively.

Class ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree

Description

This class implements a CritBit-tree/trie that can be used as a mapping-like data structure. Values of string can be used as indices, while any possible type (also mixed) can be stored.

CritBit trees are prefixed based search trees that allow for fast random access as well as prefix and range based lookups. Keys are stored in alphabetical order and can be iterated over using foreach. Other than that, it can be used like mapping(string:mixed).

Example
ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree tree =ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree();string key1 ="127.0.0.0/8";
tree[key1]="reject";
tree[key1];// now is "reject"
m_delete(tree, key1);// tree is empty again
Example
ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree tree =ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree();array(string) a =({"10.243.7.1","127.0.0.1/8","172.16.5.2"});foreach(a;int idx;string val){
	tree[val]= idx;}foreach(tree;string key;mixed val){// in here the keys will be reached in order "10.243.7.1", "127.0.0.1/8" and "172.16.5.2".}
Example
ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree tree =ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree();array(string) a =({"10.243.7.1","127.0.0.1/8","172.16.5.2"});foreach(a;int idx;string val){
	tree[val]= idx;}foreach(ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree.Iterator (tree,-1);string key;mixed val){// in here the keys will be reached in order "172.16.5.2", "127.0.0.1/8" and "10.243.7.1".}
See also

ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree.Iterator


Method_equal

boolequal(ADT.CritBit.IPv4Treefrom, mixedo)


Method_indices

arrayindices(ADT.CritBit.IPv4Treearg)

Description

Returns a sorted array of indices of the IPv4Tree.


Method_m_delete

mixedm_delete(ADT.CritBit.IPv4Treefrom, mixedkey)

Description

m_delete callback.


Method_random

arrayrandom(ADT.CritBit.IPv4Treearg)

Description

Get a random entry.

Returns

An array ({ key, value }).


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.CritBit.IPv4Treearg)

Description

Gives the number of entries in the IPv4Tree.


Method_values

arrayvalues(ADT.CritBit.IPv4Treearg)

Description

Returns an array of values of the IPv4Tree object. The returned array matches _indices so that mkmapping(indices(tree), values(tree)) would create a mapping with the same contents as this IPv4Tree.


Method`+

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree() + o

Description

Add callback. Returns the union of two trees.


Method`-

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree() - o

Description

Sub[s]tract two trees from each other (key-wise).


Method`[..]

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree()[start..end]

See also

predef::`[..]


Method`[]

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree()[ key ]


Method`[]=

ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree()[ key ] = val


Methodbkey

stringbkey(mixedkey)

Description

Render the internally used binary representation of the key into a string as a strings of '0's and '1's.


Methodcast

(mapping)ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree()

Description

Cast callback. Supports only cast to mapping and behaves as the inverse of create().


Methodcommon_prefix

string|intcommon_prefix()

Description

Returns the common prefix of all keys. If the tree has no elements, UNDEFINED is returned.


Methodcopy

IPv4Treecopy()

Description

Create a copy of the tree.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.IPv4TreeADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree(array|mapping|voido)

Description

Create a IPv4Tree from o.


Methodencode_key
Methoddecode_key

stringencode_key(mixedo)
mixeddecode_key(stringo)

Description

These callbacks can be implemented when inheriting IPv4Tree in order to allow for arbitrary key types. encode_key is similar to the lfun::_hash() callback. This only works as expected when it is possible to implement a unique representation for keys. These callbacks are called everytime a key is stored or indexed in the tree.


Methoddepth

int(0..)depth()

Description

Calculate the depth of the tree.


Methodfirst

stringfirst()

Description

Get the lexicographically first index in the tree.


Methodget_subtree

IPv4Treeget_subtree(void|mixedkey)

Description

Get a copy of the subtree starting at prefix key.


Methodlast

stringlast()

Description

Get the lexicographically last index in the tree.


Methodnext

stringnext(mixedcurrent)

Description

Get the key after current in lexicographical order.


Methodnth

mixednth(int(0..)n)

Description

Get the nth entry in order.

Returns

An array ({ key, value }).


Methodprevious

stringprevious(mixedcurrent)

Description

Get the key before current in lexicographical order.

Class ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree._get_iterator

Description

Iterator class for IPv4Tree trees. Supports iterating over ranges with arbitrary stepping and direction.

This is used by default when calling foreach on an object of IPv4Tree. In foreach the iterator runs over all elements from the first to the last.

See also

predef::Iterator for a description of the interface.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree._get_iteratorADT.CritBit.IPv4Tree._get_iterator(void|intstep, void|mixedstart, void|mixedstop)

Description

Returns an iterator object that runs from start to stop using a stepsize of step. The arguments default to 1, tree->first() and tree->last(), respectively.

Class ADT.CritBit.IntTree

Description

This class implements a CritBit-tree/trie that can be used as a mapping-like data structure. Values of int can be used as indices, while any possible type (also mixed) can be stored.

CritBit trees are prefixed based search trees that allow for fast random access as well as prefix and range based lookups. Keys are stored in alphabetical order and can be iterated over using foreach. Other than that, it can be used like mapping(int:mixed).

Example
ADT.CritBit.IntTree tree =ADT.CritBit.IntTree();int key1 = 12;
tree[key1]=({ 1, 2 ,3 });
tree[key1];// now is ({ 1, 2 ,3 })
m_delete(tree, key1);// tree is empty again
Example
ADT.CritBit.IntTree tree =ADT.CritBit.IntTree();array(int) a =({ 1025, 15000, 3 });foreach(a;int idx;int val){
	tree[val]= idx;}foreach(tree;int key;mixed val){// in here the keys will be reached in order 3, 1025 and 15000.}
Example
ADT.CritBit.IntTree tree =ADT.CritBit.IntTree();array(int) a =({ 1025, 15000, 3 });foreach(a;int idx;int val){
	tree[val]= idx;}foreach(ADT.CritBit.IntTree.Iterator (tree,-1);int key;mixed val){// in here the keys will be reached in order 15000, 1025 and 3.}
See also

ADT.CritBit.IntTree.Iterator


Method_equal

boolequal(ADT.CritBit.IntTreefrom, mixedo)


Method_indices

arrayindices(ADT.CritBit.IntTreearg)

Description

Returns a sorted array of indices of the IntTree.


Method_m_delete

mixedm_delete(ADT.CritBit.IntTreefrom, mixedkey)

Description

m_delete callback.


Method_random

arrayrandom(ADT.CritBit.IntTreearg)

Description

Get a random entry.

Returns

An array ({ key, value }).


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.CritBit.IntTreearg)

Description

Gives the number of entries in the IntTree.


Method_values

arrayvalues(ADT.CritBit.IntTreearg)

Description

Returns an array of values of the IntTree object. The returned array matches _indices so that mkmapping(indices(tree), values(tree)) would create a mapping with the same contents as this IntTree.


Method`+

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.IntTree() + o

Description

Add callback. Returns the union of two trees.


Method`-

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.IntTree() - o

Description

Sub[s]tract two trees from each other (key-wise).


Method`[..]

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.IntTree()[start..end]

See also

predef::`[..]


Method`[]

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.IntTree()[ key ]


Method`[]=

ADT.CritBit.IntTree()[ key ] = val


Methodbkey

stringbkey(mixedkey)

Description

Render the internally used binary representation of the key into a string as a strings of '0's and '1's.


Methodcast

(mapping)ADT.CritBit.IntTree()

Description

Cast callback. Supports only cast to mapping and behaves as the inverse of create().


Methodcopy

IntTreecopy()

Description

Create a copy of the tree.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.IntTreeADT.CritBit.IntTree(array|mapping|voido)

Description

Create a IntTree from o.


Methodencode_key
Methoddecode_key

intencode_key(mixedo)
mixeddecode_key(into)

Description

These callbacks can be implemented when inheriting IntTree in order to allow for arbitrary key types. encode_key is similar to the lfun::_hash() callback. This only works as expected when it is possible to implement a unique representation for keys. These callbacks are called everytime a key is stored or indexed in the tree.


Methoddepth

int(0..)depth()

Description

Calculate the depth of the tree.


Methodfirst

intfirst()

Description

Get the lexicographically first index in the tree.


Methodget_subtree

IntTreeget_subtree(void|mixedkey)

Description

Get a copy of the subtree starting at prefix key.


Methodlast

intlast()

Description

Get the lexicographically last index in the tree.


Methodnext

intnext(mixedcurrent)

Description

Get the key after current in lexicographical order.


Methodnth

mixednth(int(0..)n)

Description

Get the nth entry in order.

Returns

An array ({ key, value }).


Methodprevious

intprevious(mixedcurrent)

Description

Get the key before current in lexicographical order.

Class ADT.CritBit.IntTree._get_iterator

Description

Iterator class for IntTree trees. Supports iterating over ranges with arbitrary stepping and direction.

This is used by default when calling foreach on an object of IntTree. In foreach the iterator runs over all elements from the first to the last.

See also

predef::Iterator for a description of the interface.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.IntTree._get_iteratorADT.CritBit.IntTree._get_iterator(void|intstep, void|mixedstart, void|mixedstop)

Description

Returns an iterator object that runs from start to stop using a stepsize of step. The arguments default to 1, tree->first() and tree->last(), respectively.

Class ADT.CritBit.RangeSet

Description

Data structure representing a set of disjunct ADT.Interval objects. Can be thought of as an interval with gaps.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.RangeSetADT.CritBit.RangeSet(function(:void)|object|programtree)

Description

Create a RangeSet from a given tree program.

Class ADT.CritBit.Reverse


Variabletree

object ADT.CritBit.Reverse.tree


Method__create__

protectedlocalvoid__create__(objecttree)


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.ReverseADT.CritBit.Reverse(objecttree)

Class ADT.CritBit.StringTree

Description

This class implements a CritBit-tree/trie that can be used as a mapping-like data structure. Values of string can be used as indices, while any possible type (also mixed) can be stored.

CritBit trees are prefixed based search trees that allow for fast random access as well as prefix and range based lookups. Keys are stored in alphabetical order and can be iterated over using foreach. Other than that, it can be used like mapping(string:mixed).

Example
ADT.CritBit.StringTree tree =ADT.CritBit.StringTree();string key1 ="foo";
tree[key1]=({ 7, 8, 9 });
tree[key1];// now is ({ 7, 8, 9 })
m_delete(tree, key1);// tree is empty again
Example
ADT.CritBit.StringTree tree =ADT.CritBit.StringTree();array(string) a =({"fooo","bar","ahead"});foreach(a;int idx;string val){
	tree[val]= idx;}foreach(tree;string key;mixed val){// in here the keys will be reached in order "ahead", "bar" and "foo".}
Example
ADT.CritBit.StringTree tree =ADT.CritBit.StringTree();array(string) a =({"fooo","bar","ahead"});foreach(a;int idx;string val){
	tree[val]= idx;}foreach(ADT.CritBit.StringTree.Iterator (tree,-1);string key;mixed val){// in here the keys will be reached in order "foo", "bar" and "ahead".}
See also

ADT.CritBit.StringTree.Iterator


Method_equal

boolequal(ADT.CritBit.StringTreefrom, mixedo)


Method_indices

arrayindices(ADT.CritBit.StringTreearg)

Description

Returns a sorted array of indices of the StringTree.


Method_m_delete

mixedm_delete(ADT.CritBit.StringTreefrom, mixedkey)

Description

m_delete callback.


Method_random

arrayrandom(ADT.CritBit.StringTreearg)

Description

Get a random entry.

Returns

An array ({ key, value }).


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.CritBit.StringTreearg)

Description

Gives the number of entries in the StringTree.


Method_values

arrayvalues(ADT.CritBit.StringTreearg)

Description

Returns an array of values of the StringTree object. The returned array matches _indices so that mkmapping(indices(tree), values(tree)) would create a mapping with the same contents as this StringTree.


Method`+

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.StringTree() + o

Description

Add callback. Returns the union of two trees.


Method`-

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.StringTree() - o

Description

Sub[s]tract two trees from each other (key-wise).


Method`[..]

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.StringTree()[start..end]

See also

predef::`[..]


Method`[]

mixed res = ADT.CritBit.StringTree()[ key ]


Method`[]=

ADT.CritBit.StringTree()[ key ] = val


Methodbkey

stringbkey(mixedkey)

Description

Render the internally used binary representation of the key into a string as a strings of '0's and '1's.


Methodcast

(mapping)ADT.CritBit.StringTree()

Description

Cast callback. Supports only cast to mapping and behaves as the inverse of create().


Methodcommon_prefix

string|intcommon_prefix()

Description

Returns the common prefix of all keys. If the tree has no elements, UNDEFINED is returned.


Methodcopy

StringTreecopy()

Description

Create a copy of the tree.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.StringTreeADT.CritBit.StringTree(array|mapping|voido)

Description

Create a StringTree from o.


Methodencode_key
Methoddecode_key

stringencode_key(mixedo)
mixeddecode_key(stringo)

Description

These callbacks can be implemented when inheriting StringTree in order to allow for arbitrary key types. encode_key is similar to the lfun::_hash() callback. This only works as expected when it is possible to implement a unique representation for keys. These callbacks are called everytime a key is stored or indexed in the tree.


Methoddepth

int(0..)depth()

Description

Calculate the depth of the tree.


Methodfirst

stringfirst()

Description

Get the lexicographically first index in the tree.


Methodget_subtree

StringTreeget_subtree(void|mixedkey)

Description

Get a copy of the subtree starting at prefix key.


Methodlast

stringlast()

Description

Get the lexicographically last index in the tree.


Methodnext

stringnext(mixedcurrent)

Description

Get the key after current in lexicographical order.


Methodnth

mixednth(int(0..)n)

Description

Get the nth entry in order.

Returns

An array ({ key, value }).


Methodprevious

stringprevious(mixedcurrent)

Description

Get the key before current in lexicographical order.

Class ADT.CritBit.StringTree._get_iterator

Description

Iterator class for StringTree trees. Supports iterating over ranges with arbitrary stepping and direction.

This is used by default when calling foreach on an object of StringTree. In foreach the iterator runs over all elements from the first to the last.

See also

predef::Iterator for a description of the interface.


Methodcreate

ADT.CritBit.StringTree._get_iteratorADT.CritBit.StringTree._get_iterator(void|intstep, void|mixedstart, void|mixedstop)

Description

Returns an iterator object that runs from start to stop using a stepsize of step. The arguments default to 1, tree->first() and tree->last(), respectively.

Module ADT.Relation

Class ADT.Relation.Binary

Description

An abstract data type for binary relations.

This datatype implements something similar to a set of tuples <left, right>, or a multi-valued mapping.


Method_sizeof

mixedsizeof(ADT.Relation.Binaryarg)

Description

Returns the number of relation entries in the relation. (Or with other words: the number of relations in the relation set.)


Method`&

mixed res = ADT.Relation.Binary() & rel

Description

The expression `rel1 & rel2' returns a new relation which has those and only those relation entries that are present in both rel1 and rel2.


Method`()

mixed res = ADT.Relation.Binary()()

Description

Does the same as the contains function: returns true if the relation "left R right" exists, and otherwise false.


Method`+
Method`|

mixed res = ADT.Relation.Binary() + rel
mixed res = ADT.Relation.Binary() | rel

Description

The expression `rel1 | rel2' and `rel1 + rel2' returns a new relation which has all the relation entries present in rel1, or rel2, or both.


Method`-

mixed res = ADT.Relation.Binary() - rel

Description

The expression `rel1 - rel2' returns a new relation which has those and only those relation entries that are present in rel1 and not present in rel2.


Methodadd

this_programadd(mixedleft, mixedright)

Description

Adds "left R right" as a member of the relation. Returns the same relation.


Methodcontains

mixedcontains(mixedleft, mixedright)

Description

Return true/false: does the relation "left R right" exist?


Methodfilter

objectfilter(function(:void) f)

Description

Filters the entries in the relation, and returns a relation with all those entries for which the filtering function f returned true. The function f gets two arguments: the left and the right value for every entry in the relation.


Methodfilter_destructively

this_programfilter_destructively(function(:void) f)

Description

Filters the entries in the relation destructively, removing all entries for which the filtering function f returns false. The function f gets two arguments: the left and the right value for each entry in the relation.


Methodfind_shortest_path

array|zerofind_shortest_path(mixedfrom, mixedto, void|multisetavoiding)

Description

Assuming the relation's domain and range sets are equal, and that the relation xRy means "there is a path from node x to node y", find_shortest_path attempts to find a path with a minimum number of steps from one given node to another. The path is returned as an array of nodes (including the starting and ending node), or 0 if no path was found. If several equally short paths exist, one of them will be chosen pseudorandomly.

Trying to find a path from a node to itself will always succeed, returning an array of one element: the node itself. (Or in other words, a path with no steps, only a starting/ending point).

The argument avoiding is either 0 (or omitted), or a multiset of nodes that must not be part of the path.


Methodget_id

mixedget_id()

Description

Return the ID value which was given as first argument to create().


Methodmake_symmetric

this_programmake_symmetric()

Description

Makes the relation symmetric, i.e. makes sure that if xRy is part of the relation set, then yRx should also be a part of the relation set.


Methodmap

arraymap(function(:void) f)

Description

Maps every entry in the relation. The function f gets two arguments: the left and the right relation value. Returns an array with the return values of f for each and every mapped entry.

Note: since the entries in the relation are not ordered, the returned array will have its elements in no particular order. If you need to know which relation entry produced which result in the array, you have to make that information part of the value that f returns.


Methodremove

this_programremove(mixedleft, mixedright)

Description

Removes "left R right" as a member of the relation. Returns the same relation.

Class ADT.Relation.Binary._get_iterator

Description

An iterator which makes all the left/right entities in the relation available as index/value pairs.

Module ADT.Table

Description

ADT.Table is a generic module for manipulating tables.

Each table contains one or several columns. Each column is associated with a name, the column name. Optionally, one can provide a column type. The Table module can do a number of operations on a given table, like computing the sum of a column, grouping, sorting etc.

All column references are case insensitive. A column can be referred to by its position (starting from zero). All operations are non-destructive. That means that a new table object will be returned after, for example, a sort.

Class ADT.Table.table

Description

The table base-class.


Method_indices

array(string) indices(ADT.Table.tablearg)

Description

This method returns the column names for the table. The case used when the table was created will be returned.


Method_sizeof

intsizeof(ADT.Table.tablearg)

Description

This method returns the number of rows in the table.


Method_values

array(array) values(ADT.Table.tablearg)

Description

This method returns the contents of a table as a two dimensional array. The format is an array of rows. Each row is an array of columns.


Method`==

bool res = ADT.Table.table() == table

Description

This method compares two tables. They are equal if the contents of the tables and the column names are equal. The column name comparison is case insensitive.


Method`[]

array res = ADT.Table.table()[ column ]

Description

Same as col().


Methodappend_bottom

this_programappend_bottom(objecttable)

Description

This method appends two tables. The table given as an argument will be added at the bottom of the current table. Note, the column names must be equal. The column name comparison is case insensitive.


Methodappend_right

this_programappend_right(objecttable)

Description

This method appends two tables. The table given as an argument will be added on the right side of the current table. Note that the number of rows in both tables must be equal.


Methodcol

arraycol(int|stringcolumn)

Description

This method returns the contents of a given column as an array.


Methodcreate

ADT.Table.tableADT.Table.table(array(array) table, array(string) column_names, array(mapping(string:string))|voidcolumn_types)

Description

The ADT.Table.table class takes two or three arguments:

Parameter table

The first argument is a two-dimensional array consisting of one array of columns per row. All rows must have the same number of columns as specified in column_names.

Parameter column_names

This argument is an array of column names associated with each column in the table. References by column name are case insensitive. The case used in column_names will be used when the table is displayed. A column can also be referred to by its position, starting from zero.

Parameter column_types

This is an optional array of mappings. The column type information is only used when displaying the table. Currently, only the keyword "type" is recognized. The type can be specified as "text" or "num" (numerical). Text columns are left adjusted, whereas numerical columns are right adjusted. If a mapping in the array is 0 (zero), it will be assumed to be a text column. If column_types is omitted, all columns will displayed as text.

See ADT.Table.ASCII.encode() on how to display a table.

See also

ADT.Table.ASCII.encode()


Methoddecode

objectdecode(strings)

Description

This method returns a table object from a binary string representation of a table, as returned by encode().


Methoddistinct

this_programdistinct(int|string ... columns)

Description

This method groups by the given columns and returns a table with only unique rows. When no columns are given, all rows will be unique. A new table object will be returned.


Methodencode

stringencode()

Description

This method returns a binary string representation of the table. It is useful when one wants to store a the table, for example in a file.


Methodgroup

this_programgroup(mapping(int|string:function(:void))|function(:void) f, mixed ... args)

Description

This method calls the function f for each column each time a non uniqe row will be joined. The table will be grouped by the columns not listed. The result will be returned as a new table object.


Methodlimit

this_programlimit(intn)

Description

This method truncates the table to the first n rows and returns a new object.


Methodmap

objectmap(function(:void) f, array(int|string)|int|stringcolumns, mixed ... args)

Description

This method calls the function f for all rows in the table. The value returned will replace the values in the columns given as argument to map. If the function returns an array, several columns will be replaced. Otherwise the first column will be replaced. The result will be returned as a new table object.


Methodremove

this_programremove(int|string ... columns)

Description

Like select(), but the given columns will not be in the resulting table.


Methodrename

this_programrename(string|intfrom, stringto)

Description

This method renames the column named from to to and returns a new table object. Note that from can be the column position.


Methodreverse

protectedthis_programreverse()

Description

This method reverses the rows of the table and returns a new table object.


Methodrow

arrayrow(introw_number)

Description

This method returns the contents of a given row as an array.


Methodrsort

objectrsort(int|string ... columns)

Description

Like sort(), but in descending order.


Methodselect

this_programselect(int|string ... columns)

Description

This method returns a new table object with the selected columns only.


Methodsort

this_programsort(int|string ... columns)

Description

This method sorts the table in ascendent order on one or several columns and returns a new table object. The left most column is sorted last. Note that the sort is stable.

See also

rsort()


Methodsum

this_programsum(int|string ... columns)

Description

This method sums all equal rows. The table will be grouped by the columns not listed. The result will be returned as a new table object.


Methodtype

mappingtype(int|stringcolumn, void|mappingtype)

Description

This method gives the type for the given column.

If a second argument is given, the old type will be replaced with type. The column type is only used when the table is displayed. The format is as specified in create().


Methodwhere

this_programwhere(array(int|string)|int|stringcolumns, function(:void) f, mixed ... args)

Description

This method calls the function for each row. If the function returns zero, the row will be thrown away. If the function returns something non-zero, the row will be kept. The result will be returned as a new table object.

Module ADT.Table.ASCII


Methodencode

stringencode(objecttable, void|mappingoptions)

Description

This method returns a table represented in ASCII suitable for human eyes. options is an optional mapping. If the keyword "indent" is used with a number, the table will be indented with that number of space characters.